Most people probably never give a second thought to their visits to the dentist, but not everyone can navigate this process with ease. People with intellectual or developmental disabilities may face challenges in finding quality dental care.

Dr. Bill Milner founded Access Dental Care with those patients in mind. It's a mobile dental service that makes care more accessible by visiting places such as nursing homes, group-home day centers, PACE programs and retirement communities.

Milner said the goal is to provide a dental home for a population that is too often overlooked.

"We've had to develop our own delivery system," he explained. "It has to be rolled in, five days a week, into different facilities. We treat 15 to 18 patients a day, and then we gather everything up at the end of the day, roll it back out, put it in the truck and go home."

Sponsored by the North Carolina Dental Society, Access Dental Care serves 60 counties in the state, and visits about 160 facilities. Milner has also won this year's American Dental Association Humanitarian Award.

Milner acknowledged that efforts are being made to improve access, but said barriers still exist -- from navigating behaviors to having few providers trained to give specialized care. He said even small changes within the profession can lead to improvements.

"We're having folks roll in, in wheelchairs, into offices -- and they don't know how to transfer folks into dental chairs," he said, "and it's as simple as getting a physical therapist in to train their staff."

Another significant challenge is Medicaid funding for providers, which Milner said typically only reimburses 38 cents for every dollar of the dental bill. Nonetheless, he said, his team will continue to advocate for special-care services, with plans to open more clinics.

Milner sees it as a priority to raise awareness and encourage more dentists to work with these patients.

"We need them to speak up and continue to be advocates for oral health," he noted, "and for them to understand that infection in the mouth is infection in the body."

There is movement on this issue at the state level. In the North Carolina Legislature, Senate Bill 382 would give students the chance to work in the community at nursing homes and group homes. The bill is now in a conference committee and has bipartisan support.

It's National Nurses Week, and educators and healthcare officials say there just aren't enough of them to go around. A combination of retiring baby boomers and nurses who chose to leave the field after the pandemic has left a projected shortfall of more than 5,400 nurses in Nebraska's hospitals, clinics and long-term care facilities.

Linda Hardy, Nebraska Nurses Association president, explained that the system is not training enough new nurses to fill the vacancies.

"I think across the country we have a nursing shortage," she intoned. "But the other thing we have a shortage of are nurse educators - and also, clinical sites for student nurses to be able to practice their clinical skills."

According to a Nebraska Health Care Workforce Collaborative report, 66 of the state's 93 counties have been declared medically underserved, and nine have no nurses. The report points to degraded "emotional health and well-being" as the main reason for staff shortages.

Hardy added healthcare providers and state officials are studying how to increase the investment in educational facilities and clinical sites to train new healthcare workers, and said one goal is to recruit them when they are young.

"There's a collaborative effort to try and get more healthcare workers, not just nurses but radiology techs, pharmacists, etcetera, into the pipeline from high school kids. So, that's a good thing," she insisted.

Carole Johnson, administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration, said her mission during National Nurses Week is to highlight the vital role nurses play on the front lines, providing care, comfort and support to patients every day, but added the best way to honor them is to support them from training through retirement.

"You have to be investing in the nursing workforce. And so we're providing scholarships, loan repayment, stipends, upskilling - a whole host of training initiatives to really help ensure that we can recruit people into nursing and that when they're there, that they stay," she continued.


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Birth doulas assist new moms with the stress, uncertainty and anxiety of childbirth, while another type of doula offers similar support to those who are dying.

Death doulas, or end-of-life specialists, give spiritual and emotional support to people nearing death in a nonmedical setting. The word 'doula' comes from the Greek word 'doule,' meaning 'female helper.'

Kim Burgess, end-of-life doula and board certified adult geriatric nurse practitioner for Comforting Transitions, an elder care facility in O'Fallon, said fulfilling a dying person's wish to be in their desired setting is important.

"When I was in the home, primarily geriatric population, people wanted to stay in their home; the comfort of their home, their own surrounding, their own food, their own loved ones," Burgess explained. "I loved to being able to support people in that role."

Training to become an end-of-life doula happens in workshops, with required reading and work-study assignments. Since it is not a federally recognized field, insurance companies do not cover the services. The Illinois Department of Public Health said in 2022, Cook County alone saw nearly 46,000 deaths. Almost 20,000 were between ages 65 and 84.

Death, or what is sometimes called "the other side," can produce feelings of fear, or a sense of denial, especially if a terminal condition has been diagnosed. Burgess observed it is a 24-hour job for loved ones helping someone in their final days or weeks. She has encountered families who are unprepared for the caregiving needs.

"A lot of times, their family is saying, 'We're just overwhelmed, and we have hospice involved, but we still feel like we need some more support,'" Burgess recounted. "An end-of-life doula can be there, giving the family reassurance or making some slight suggestions on how to comfort their loved one."

Doulas can also help plan an advance directive, instructions a person can leave behind about their funeral service or cremation, what to do with a pet or help writing a loving message to family and friends.

A Des Moines-based farm co-op is taking high-tech sports-training into the country and has hired an athletic physician to do it.

The field of high-tech sports training is usually reserved for athletes and other high-level performers but the mindset is taking a dramatic turn, as the Landus Co-op in Des Moines has hired a physician.

Dr. Dehra Harris has spent much of her medical career training the Toronto Blue Jays minor-league baseball players and is bringing those skills to the Iowa countryside. Harris said she has always been drawn to helping people who have to perform physically to make a living.

"You don't have days off. You can't take it easy, right?" Harris pointed out. "It's that 'rub some dirt on it' kind of world. And to be able to take the things that we've been learning, in sports and in medicine, and apply it to this group is just an incredible opportunity."

Harris explained she will start by listening to farmers' physical needs, then developing proper nutrition and recovery programs even if it means responding to a farmer who's delivering a calf at three in the morning, and whatever else it takes to help with America's ag production backbone.

Harris noted her regimen will not stop with physical training. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports suicide rates are nearly twice as high for farmers compared to the general public. The threat was most severe during the pandemic.

Harris will design wellness plans for farmers' mental health, although she noted getting the information might not be easy.

"I love it when I talk to farmers because I'm going to hear all about their family," Harris added. "I'll hear about everything to do with their farm but I'm also not going to hear a lot about what they need. So, we think that the strategies that are actually going to work best here are actually to approach this as a family, and see what the needs are for the whole unit."

Landus is among the first co-ops in the country to take the new approach.


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