San Antonio, TX – Una medida que exige que los oficiales de Policía y Tránsito pidan prueba de ciudadanía o estatus legal a cualquiera que solicite obtener o renovar su licencia de conductor de Texas, fue clavada dentro de la ley de finanzas de las escuelas (SB 1) que la legislatura aprobó esta semana, pese a que antes se intentó que pasara sola. La nueva ley vincula la ciudadanía y el estatus migratorio a la expedición de una licencia de conducir de Texas, cosa que según sus detractores podría causar consecuencias dañinas no intencionales, rebasando su alcance original.

Los partidarios de la medida dicen que es necesaria para la seguridad nacional. Luis Figueroa, abogado del Mexican American Legal Defense and Educative Fund (MALDEF, Fondo Mexicano Americano Educacional y de Defensa Legal), asegura que ciertamente alivia algunas viejas preocupaciones del MALDEF, como permitir a ciertas personas con visa temporal obtener licencias. Pero advierte que los problemas de inmigración son demasiado complejos como para dejarlos a los oficiales del DPS que estarán a cargo de cuidar su observancia.

"Son juez y parte. No hay proceso de apelación; no hay proceso de querella. No hay abogado de inmigración capaz de determinar si alguien está consiguiendo la licencia apropiada."

Agrega que la ley necesita ser arreglada para asegurar que a un conductor calificado no se le niegue una licencia con base en un estatus migratorio no típico. También quiere certeza de que no se abuse de las nuevas bases de datos, y de que la dificultad adicional para obtener una licencia no sea obstáculo que impida a cualquiera el acceso a servicios y beneficios.

Figueroa predice que los nuevos procedimientos acentuarán las consecuencias de otra medida recién aprobada: una ley de identificación con fotografía que impone algunos de los requisitos más estrictos de la nación. La pérdida de privilegios de conductor podría llevar a la pérdida simultánea de los derechos de elector – y aún más todavía, a la privación de los derechos de los ciudadanos más vulnerables del estado.

"La gente que no tiene su licencia de conducir frecuentemente es la más vulnerable. La gente que es pobre. Estudiantes. Adultos mayores. Ésta es siempre la gente por que debiéramos estar tratando de asegurarnos que sus derechos están protegidos, y no que se les quitan sus derechos."

Comenta que incluso a los tejanos que pueden producir fácilmente sus certificados de nacimiento o pasaportes debería preocuparles la ley, por su propia seguridad, ya que lo más probable es que llevará a que haya más conductores inexpertos rodando por las calles sin seguro de responsabilidad civil.



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The future of Senate Bill 4 is still tangled in court challenges. It's the Texas law that would allow police to arrest people for illegally crossing the border. But groups are speaking out about the impact of "Operation Lone Star" on the youngest migrants. Governor Greg Abbott continues to bus migrant families to other states, many with young children - more than 100,000 families so far.

Robert Sanborn, CEO of Children at Risk, works to improve the quality of life for boys and girls in Texas, and contends the policy has put trauma on top of trauma.

"We never want children to be political pawns. We don't want maximum chaos on the backs of children. We want children to grow up and be assets for our community," he contended.

Sanborn points out that 2.2 million children in Texas are immigrants, and said it would be less stressful for kids if families were not bused in the middle of the night, and if they were allowed to pick their destination.

When immigrants arrive at the border, they are evaluated to determine if they're eligible for asylum.

Beatriz Zavala, clinical coordinator at El Paso-based Humanitarian Outreach for Migrant Emotional Health, or "HOME," said the children in this situation are at higher risk for mental health disorders.

"What is particularly troubling is the profound disregard for the stability and protection these families need. The impact on their mental health is undeniable. These are not just statistics. These are children, real children," she said.

As part of Operation Lone Star, families have been bused to Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, New York City, Philadelphia and Washington D.C. The governor has said the practice is needed to keep the Texas-Mexico border safe.


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Legislation in Albany would create the first right to counsel for people in immigration court.

The Access to Representation Act would provide immigrants the right to an attorney in their New York immigration cases, ending the tendency to represent themselves if they cannot afford one.

Estimates show a backlog of more than 330,000 immigration court cases, and fewer than half have attorneys. Studies show without legal counsel, migrants are less likely to remain in the U.S.

Marlene Galaz, director of immigrant rights policy for the New York Immigration Coalition, described what the bill would do.

"It has a six-year ramp-up to start implementing and building infrastructure," Galaz outlined. "Having a pipeline between law schools for law students to go into immigration practice, and getting to nonprofits and so on."

Galaz noted most opposition centers around the $150 million to fund the program but pointed out the total expenditure is less than 1% of the state's $229 billion budget. She added anti-immigrant rhetoric has also damaged support for the bill. Currently, it is in the state Senate Finance Committee.

The New York City Comptroller's office said enacting the bill would benefit the state financially. It could keep about 53,000 people from being deported, which would result in almost $8.5 billion in local, state and federal taxes over the next 30 years.

Galaz emphasized the influx of migrants has saturated the court system, leading to what could have been an avoidable backlog.

"I firmly believe that if these investments had been made when we first asked for them, I believe, like, three years ago, then we wouldn't be struggling," Galaz contended. "We would have had the infrastructure built to address an increase in welcoming our newest neighbors."

A Vera Institute survey showed 93% of New Yorkers across party lines and regions support access to attorneys for all people, including those in immigration court, and government-funded attorneys for them.


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Story has been updated to reflect late-night 5th Circuit Court of Appeals decision.(8:01 a.m. MST, Mar. 20, 2024)


The U.S. Supreme Court handed Texas Gov. Greg Abbott a big but temporary win Tuesday in his battle to stop the flow of migrants crossing the Texas-Mexico border.

Late Tuesday night, the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals put the law known as Senate Bill 4 on hold again. It would give state and local law enforcement the authority to arrest migrants as they cross into the U-S.

The Biden administration argued that the law would interfere with federal immigration law and is unconstitutional.

David Coale, an appellate attorney in Dallas, said if the state gets the authority to make arrests, he thinks it will move with caution.

"I think that Texas will want to make some very high-profile moves under this statute," Coale predicted. "But they also don't want to potentially expose themselves to massive civil rights liability if it turns out they're wrong."

Under SB-4, crossing the border illegally is a Class B misdemeanor, punishable by up to six months in jail. The appeals court hears oral arguments in the case today. Meanwhile, a Mexican government official said his country won't accept migrants deported under SB-4.

The Supreme Court justices did not issue a reason for allowing the law to go into effect and there's been no clear timetable for how or when Texas will start enforcing it. In 2012, the Supreme Court struck down parts of a similar law in Arizona, saying an impasse in Congress over immigration reform did not justify state intrusion.

Coale noted if the law is ultimately upheld, it would give each state the right to make its own immigration laws.

"If you give Texas a pass, you know, New York will have a different policy and California will have a policy and Montana will have a policy," Coale pointed out. "And they will not be consistent."

All six of the court's conservative justices agreed with the decision to allow the law to take effect - a ruling that, at least for now, was in effect for only a few hours.


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