AUSTIN, Texas - Gov. Rick Perry is emerging as a possible top contender for the Republican Party's presidential nomination - partly because Texas has seen the largest job-growth figures in the nation since the recession. Some analysts, however, warn that statistics can be misleading.

It's been dubbed the "Texas Jobs Miracle" - a 2.8 percent overall growth in employment, compared with a 2.9 percent loss nationwide. Perry has claimed that nearly half the nation's jobs created in the last two years were in Texas. Supporters argue that this vindicates his governing philosophy of minimal taxes and regulations.

Not so fast, says Don Baylor, senior policy analyst with the Center for Public Policy Priorities, who thinks the verdict is still out.

"Low taxes and low regulation might get you far in the short term. The question is, do you harm clean water and clean air, also education and health services?"

The state's positive job numbers were decades in the making, Baylor says. Long-term public investments began to show returns just as the nation was sinking into recession. Now that the Legislature has passed unprecedented spending cuts, Baylor fears a reversal of those gains.

Public-sector jobs make up almost 18 percent of the Texas workforce, Baylor says, a bit higher than the national average. However, he adds, those jobs account for 48 percent of the state's job growth during the past four years. It's wishful thinking, Baylor says, to conclude that public jobs lost after the latest round of budget cuts will be replaced by private jobs.

"A vibrant public sector is critical to having a sustainable private sector. I think it'll be interesting to see what will happen to the private-sector job market as we see public-sector employment recede."

Like the rest of the country, Texas suffered losses in construction and manufacturing, but enjoyed private-sector gains in education and health services, natural resources and mining, and leisure and hospitality.

Wage statistics can also mislead, Baylor says. At first glance, wage growth in the state looks relatively robust, with an 11.4 percent increase in private-sector pay since 2007 - but that figure shrinks to near zero when adjusted for inflation. More low-wage earners than high-wage earners lost their jobs, Baylor says, skewing the average.

"And so it wasn't like you saw people getting paid more; it's just that when you look at the overall wage picture of the workforce, you had a lot of people that were out of it. So, you kind of lopped off some of the lower-paid employees."

The nonpartisan fact-checking organization PolitiFact rates Perry's claims about the "Texas Jobs Miracle" as "half-true," saying the governor's figures excluded job creation in states that suffered net job losses. PolitiFact's rating of Perry claims is online at politifact.com.


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Washington joins a handful of states to do away with mandatory meetings for employees on political or religious matters.

Sometimes known as captive audience meetings, the gatherings were seen as a way for employers to give their opinions on subjects like unionization, and held potential consequences for employees who didn't attend. Lawmakers passed a bill this session allowing workers to skip the meetings without repercussions.

Sen. Karen Keiser, D-Des Moines, a sponsor of the bill, said we live in a divided society where emotions run high on political topics.

"This bill simply protects employees to have a real choice on whether or not to attend a meeting called by their boss to be told about some political or religious issue," Keiser explained.

Keiser pointed out the legislation is nonpartisan. For instance, employers could not force employees to attend anti-union meetings, but also could not force them to attend a meeting about the importance of reproductive rights. The bill takes effect June 6.

Keiser noted the bill likely got across the finish line this session because of the uptick in union organizing and support for labor. She added there are widely known stories of Starbucks managers, for example, requiring employees to attend anti-union meetings while the employees organized the workplace.

"Employees have been forced to attend meetings to listen to the boss or the employer basically tell them why they shouldn't join a union," Keiser observed.

Washington is the sixth state to pass a law prohibiting attendance at captive audience meetings. Connecticut, Maine, Minnesota and New York have passed similar laws in recent years. Oregon passed a law allowing workers to skip such meetings without repercussions in 2010.


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A bill vetoed by Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin would have raised the state's minimum wage to $15 an hour starting in 2026.

While the bill moved out of committee and the General Assembly, it did so on party-line votes. Youngkin opposed the bill, saying it could hurt small businesses and some restaurants.

Jay Speer, executive director of the Virginia Poverty Law Center, said it was disappointing to see the measure vetoed.

"Wages are way too low. People cannot afford housing and food and everything else," Speer pointed out. "It's a disappointment that they can't raise the minimum wage so people can survive. I mean, it's long overdue."

Passing the bill was part of a 2020 minimum-wage increase requiring a reauthorization to bring it up to $15. A state study found a person has to make at least $14.55 an hour to afford the cheapest place to live while only spending one-third of his or her income on housing. The current minimum wage in Virginia is $12 an hour, but around 500,000 Virginians make $12 or less.

Youngkin also vetoed a bill ending exemptions from Virginia's minimum-wage requirements for farmworkers or temporary foreign workers.

Kim Bobo, executive director of the Virginia Interfaith Center on Public Policy, said it was not as impactful since most farmworkers make more than the minimum wage. But she said the exemption remains for another reason.

"The only reason farmworkers continue to be exempted in Virginia is racism," Bobo contended. "That's why they're exempted. And, we should just change that, like there's no reason not to. It really does not affect that many workers in Virginia."

Youngkin and other legislators with a farming background said the bill would hinder farmers' ability to turn a profit.

New York restaurant workers need to know their rights to better navigate their workplaces. A new report finds high rates of what it calls "occupational segregation" in the restaurant industry, which can relegate some people to lower-paying jobs.

Workers' rights organizations are counteracting this with training programs. Alima Iskakova, a server for Exquisite Staffing, a catering company, said the CHOW training from Restaurant Opportunities Centers United is helping her.

"Since I completed this training course, I am more confident when it comes to job interviews," she said. "I am more confident - like, when it comes to these types of interviews, plus with all my experience and the knowledge that I got from ROC United, I have a higher income."

She was also trained in safe food handling, OSHA certification and other need-to-know information about the restaurant industry. These courses are available in several cities beyond New York.

The report also notes that, unlike training offered by organizations such as the National Restaurant Association, these courses prioritize developing restaurant workers' power to support individual career development.

The report says racism and sexism abound in the restaurant industry. White men make up a majority of higher-earning positions, such as bartenders.

Although these training courses are helpful, Iskakova noteed that not knowing English can be a disadvantage. She said other cultural differences can make this work challenging.

"In the hospitality industry, even like when people come here as an immigrant, they don't know the rules, they don't know the laws," she said. "And ROC United, they help us to do the cover letter, resume. There are certain things - like, there is a difference."

Another challenge she encountered was the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit.

Iskakova said her work has been interesting, but she's got ambitions outside of food service. Along with photography, she's a communications major at CUNY.


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