AUSTIN, Texas - Un proyecto de ley que podría acabar con el abuso de los trabajadores a través de su errónea clasificación, cuenta con apoyo bipartidista. Los abogados laborales de Texas opinan que la iniciativa HB 8929 es un buen primer paso para combatir lo que se conoce como "robo de salario".

Tanto trabajadores como abogados lanzan este domingo, Día Internacional del Trabajo, su grito May Day de auxilio para llamar la atención hacia la situación de los asalariados más vulnerables del estado. La abogada Kathryn Youker vive en Brownsville, y a través de Texas Rio Grande Legal Aid (Auxilio Legal Texas Río Grande) brinda ayuda legal a trabajadores que son víctimas del "robo de salarios". Afirma que un método común para engañar a los trabajadores es clasificarlos como temporales cuando son permanentes. Esta clasificación inapropiada va en ascenso porque deja grandes ganancias a los patrones.

"No tienen que pagar seguro de desempleo, no tienen que pagar su parte de impuestos federales al patrón. Y los trabajadores no tienen derechos en absoluto como contratistas independientes."

Youker dice que el engaño a los trabajadores por clasificación inapropiada significa billones de dólares al año. Hasta el momento, la medida cuenta con apoyo bipartidista; aumentaría los ingresos por impuestos, bajaría la contratación de indocumentados y protegería salarios y beneficios.

Localizada en una de las regiones más pobres del país, con la concentración más alta de trabajadores agrícolas indocumentados, Texas Rio Grande Legal Aid (Auxilio Legal Texas Río Grande) ha estado ayudando durante décadas a los empleados a defenderse del robo de sus salarios. Dice que los productores manipulan sus estructuras de empleo, tanto para ahorrarse dinero como para minimizar sus responsabilidades legales al contratar trabajadores.

"Y ahora la misma intriga ha pasado a todas esas otras industrias de bajos salarios. Y están tan mal! Es decir los patrones, así lo hacen."

Afirma que los inmigrantes son los más vulnerables al robo de salarios, porque no pueden arriesgar el poco dinero que ganan ni dejar sus empleos.

Y como el inglés es su segunda lengua, los inmigrantes tienen más dificultades para comprender sus derechos, como los que les brinda la Constitución en su Cláusula de Protección Equitativa.

"Y no se dan cuenta de que esas leyes laborales protegen a todos los trabajadores, sin importar su estatus migratorio, porque tener dos clases de trabajadores empeora las condiciones de trabajo de todos."

Los inmigrantes que trabajan con visa temporal prefieren no confrontar a sus patrones porque sus visas dependen de tener un empleo específico, asegura Youker. La "Texas Workforce Comission (Comisión de la Fuerza Laboral de Texas) castiga las violaciones salariales, pero como sólo tiene una docena de investigadores, puede pasar hasta un año antes de que la oficina comience a revisar una demanda.


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Washington joins a handful of states to do away with mandatory meetings for employees on political or religious matters.

Sometimes known as captive audience meetings, the gatherings were seen as a way for employers to give their opinions on subjects like unionization, and held potential consequences for employees who didn't attend. Lawmakers passed a bill this session allowing workers to skip the meetings without repercussions.

Sen. Karen Keiser, D-Des Moines, a sponsor of the bill, said we live in a divided society where emotions run high on political topics.

"This bill simply protects employees to have a real choice on whether or not to attend a meeting called by their boss to be told about some political or religious issue," Keiser explained.

Keiser pointed out the legislation is nonpartisan. For instance, employers could not force employees to attend anti-union meetings, but also could not force them to attend a meeting about the importance of reproductive rights. The bill takes effect June 6.

Keiser noted the bill likely got across the finish line this session because of the uptick in union organizing and support for labor. She added there are widely known stories of Starbucks managers, for example, requiring employees to attend anti-union meetings while the employees organized the workplace.

"Employees have been forced to attend meetings to listen to the boss or the employer basically tell them why they shouldn't join a union," Keiser observed.

Washington is the sixth state to pass a law prohibiting attendance at captive audience meetings. Connecticut, Maine, Minnesota and New York have passed similar laws in recent years. Oregon passed a law allowing workers to skip such meetings without repercussions in 2010.


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A bill vetoed by Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin would have raised the state's minimum wage to $15 an hour starting in 2026.

While the bill moved out of committee and the General Assembly, it did so on party-line votes. Youngkin opposed the bill, saying it could hurt small businesses and some restaurants.

Jay Speer, executive director of the Virginia Poverty Law Center, said it was disappointing to see the measure vetoed.

"Wages are way too low. People cannot afford housing and food and everything else," Speer pointed out. "It's a disappointment that they can't raise the minimum wage so people can survive. I mean, it's long overdue."

Passing the bill was part of a 2020 minimum-wage increase requiring a reauthorization to bring it up to $15. A state study found a person has to make at least $14.55 an hour to afford the cheapest place to live while only spending one-third of his or her income on housing. The current minimum wage in Virginia is $12 an hour, but around 500,000 Virginians make $12 or less.

Youngkin also vetoed a bill ending exemptions from Virginia's minimum-wage requirements for farmworkers or temporary foreign workers.

Kim Bobo, executive director of the Virginia Interfaith Center on Public Policy, said it was not as impactful since most farmworkers make more than the minimum wage. But she said the exemption remains for another reason.

"The only reason farmworkers continue to be exempted in Virginia is racism," Bobo contended. "That's why they're exempted. And, we should just change that, like there's no reason not to. It really does not affect that many workers in Virginia."

Youngkin and other legislators with a farming background said the bill would hinder farmers' ability to turn a profit.

New York restaurant workers need to know their rights to better navigate their workplaces. A new report finds high rates of what it calls "occupational segregation" in the restaurant industry, which can relegate some people to lower-paying jobs.

Workers' rights organizations are counteracting this with training programs. Alima Iskakova, a server for Exquisite Staffing, a catering company, said the CHOW training from Restaurant Opportunities Centers United is helping her.

"Since I completed this training course, I am more confident when it comes to job interviews," she said. "I am more confident - like, when it comes to these types of interviews, plus with all my experience and the knowledge that I got from ROC United, I have a higher income."

She was also trained in safe food handling, OSHA certification and other need-to-know information about the restaurant industry. These courses are available in several cities beyond New York.

The report also notes that, unlike training offered by organizations such as the National Restaurant Association, these courses prioritize developing restaurant workers' power to support individual career development.

The report says racism and sexism abound in the restaurant industry. White men make up a majority of higher-earning positions, such as bartenders.

Although these training courses are helpful, Iskakova noteed that not knowing English can be a disadvantage. She said other cultural differences can make this work challenging.

"In the hospitality industry, even like when people come here as an immigrant, they don't know the rules, they don't know the laws," she said. "And ROC United, they help us to do the cover letter, resume. There are certain things - like, there is a difference."

Another challenge she encountered was the difference between Celsius and Fahrenheit.

Iskakova said her work has been interesting, but she's got ambitions outside of food service. Along with photography, she's a communications major at CUNY.


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