BEND, Ore. – This weekend marks the fourth anniversary of the creation of Oregon's newest wilderness areas. They include the Badlands near Bend, and Spring Basin near the John Day River in north central Oregon.
The Badlands encompass 29,000 acres and are popular with hikers and horseback riders, with 50 miles of trails through the stark remnants of an ancient volcano.
Four years ago, David Eddleston, manager of Friends of the Oregon Badlands, says he was part of a group of volunteers and Bureau of Land Management workers pulling up old fence posts in the area to donate as firewood for the poor when someone's cell phone rang.
"We received a phone call that President Obama had actually signed the bill, creating wilderness,” he recalls. “So, I think we're probably the only group in the United States that went into a Wilderness Study Area – and we hiked out of a fully declared wilderness! I think we made history that day."
True to its name, Spring Basin comes to life in the spring, with carpets of colorful wildflowers that attract hikers, climbers and photographers to its canyons and hilltops.
The wilderness area itself is less than 6,400 acres, but Jefferson Jacobs, wilderness stewardship coordinator of the Oregon Natural Desert Association, says tribal-run lands that also have some protections surround it.
"Spring Basin is a really neat example of conservation where one size doesn't fit all,” he says. “Some may have grazing on it – some may not. Some is open to vehicles – some is not. But it is all protected, in one way or another."
In all of Oregon's wilderness and conservation areas, volunteers put in thousands of hours, in partnership with the federal agencies that manage them. Eddleston says with budget cutbacks, there's been plenty to do.
"Removing obsolete barbed-wire fence, maintaining of trails and trailheads, installing signs, re-installing vandalized signs,” he says, “and outreach programs, to have people let the light of wilderness into their souls."
In all, Oregon gained a dozen new wilderness areas as part of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, including Soda Mountain near Ashland, Copper Salmon in the Siskiyou National Forest, and eight areas in the vicinity of Mount Hood.
Nationwide, 2 million acres were designated in nine states.
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Crews have been ramping up wildfire resilience projects to thin out brush and dead wood in California's giant sequoia groves, clearing twice as many acres in 2023 compared with 2022.
The Giant Sequoia Lands Coalition is trying to avoid a repeat of the disastrous mega-fires of 2020 and 2021 - which killed about 20% of large mature trees in their native Sierra Nevada range.
Joanna Nelson, Ph.D. is the director of science and conservation planning with the nonprofit Save the Redwoods League.
"We remove fuel," said Nelson, "we get to a safe place to do prescribed burning and to do cultural burning - which is always led by indigenous people, which is another practice of taking care of the forest and reducing wildfire risk."
Sequoia National Park is just one part of California's giant sequoia groves, which stretch over 26,000 acres.
A new report shows that in 2023, the program treated nearly 9,900 acres in 28 groves - and more than 14,000 since 2021.
Crews have also planted 542,000 native tree seedlings in severely burned areas over the past two years.
Nelson said the groves must be re-treated about every 8 to 10 years.
"The cost of inaction is loss of giant sequoias in their native range," said Nelson. "And big fires that spread because of the fuel continuity. We risk further loss of trees that are anywhere from 1,000 to 3,000 years old if we do nothing."
The groves have built up quite a bit of dead wood fuel because, until the last few decades, it had been national policy to suppress almost all fire - which led to intense firestorms that incinerated entire groves of old-growth trees.
It is now understood that judicious use of fire can clear out the understory and be beneficial to the forest.
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The Bureau of Land Management has proposed expanding the public land available for solar power production in 11 states, including Montana.
The BLM's Western Solar Plan builds on a version first released in 2012 and focuses on harnessing the potential in Western and Plains states most amenable to solar production.
Nick Fitzmaurice, energy transition engineer for the Montana Environmental Information Center, said the expanded plan reflects the country's growing demand for solar energy.
"It's projected that 700,000 acres of solar development are going to be needed to meet future clean goals, and in the range of about 5,000 of those acres are going to be in Montana," Fitzmaurice explained. "It's a small part of the picture but important that all our open land that is able to contribute to solar can do so."
The Wilderness Society released a statement supporting the proposed Western Solar Plan expansion. The BLM is taking public comment on it until April 18.
The BLM has already done an environmental impact statement, which can sometimes be a stumbling block for such projects.
Fitzmaurice pointed out Montana was not part of the first Western Solar Plan. He thinks adding the state and having the BLM involved in siting the facilities will be crucial as Montana takes advantage of its alternative energy opportunities.
"It's really important that BLM gets ahead of this," Fitzmaurice asserted. "As these applications for development come in, they are able to be sited and put in locations that will minimize the impact on this important public land resource that we have."
Fitzmaurice added the plan proposes solar facilities be built near existing power transmission lines but not near culturally sensitive areas of Montana. Critics of the proposal said additional solar development could threaten wildlife species and habitat.
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The remote landscape of southeastern Oregon is receiving additional protections.
The Bureau of Land Management has finalized its resource management plan for the southeast corner of the state and it includes protections for parts of the Owyhee and Malheur Rivers and canyon lands in the region.
Michael O'Casey, deputy director of forest policy and Northwest programs for the Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Partnership, said it's an exciting announcement, which will protect sensitive landscape from activities like surface development and road building.
"When that landscape is impacted, it's really hard to bring it back and restore it," O'Casey pointed out. "And so, it's really important to protect the places out there that are healthy and intact and resistant. And resilience is a term that we use, to stresses from climate change or whatever else."
O'Casey noted the plan still allows for traditional uses of the land like hunting and fishing. The BLM's final resource management plan for the district covers four-point-six million acres of public land.
O'Casey stressed the agency deliberated for years on this decision.
"This planning process was initiated in 2010 and so it's been 14 years in the making," O'Casey emphasized. "The good news is that, even though it's been a really long time, was that there was a really robust public comment process throughout this."
O'Casey added appointing the Southeast Oregon Resource Advisory Council in 2014 was an important part of public involvement. The council was made up of a wide variety of area people including grazing, energy and conservation interests, who made recommendations for management in the region.
Support for this reporting was provided by The Pew Charitable Trusts.
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