COLUMBUS, Ohio – With hundreds of women in the U.S. dying each year due to complications from pregnancy, researchers in Ohio are working to learn more about the scope of maternal mortality in the state.
At The Center for Community Solutions, director of public policy and advocacy Tara Britton explains there's been a lot of much-needed focus on the state's high infant mortality rate in recent years, but she says now it's time to put the mother back into maternal and infant health.
"It's important for mothers to be healthy to have healthy babies, and we want to make sure that we're doing everything that we can to make sure that women are healthy before, during and after their pregnancies," she stresses.
Maternal mortality is a broad description of deaths associated with pregnancy and birth, and the latest data shows there were more than 400 pregnancy-associated deaths in Ohio between 2008 and 2014.
Updated data is expected this year, which Britton says will allow researchers to get a clearer picture of the problem in Ohio.
A recent study found maternal deaths in the U.S. rose 26 percent from 2000 to 2014.
Also of great concern, Britton says, is severe maternal morbidity, where a woman is very sick as a result of something that happened during pregnancy.
"This is kind of a scary term but these instances are often called a near miss of a maternal death,” she states. “And that figure is much larger: thousands and thousands of women nationally.
“And if these are near misses, what can we learn from them? What can we do to prevent them?"
Ohio has prioritized decreasing the infant mortality rate, which in 2016 was more than seven infant deaths per 1,000 live births.
Britton says many of the strategies used to reduce the rate also could have a positive impact on maternal health.
"During pregnancy, I think it's a little bit more intuitive that the mother and baby's health are linked, and that phase is important to make sure that women have access to health care so that they can enter into prenatal care early to make sure that their pregnancies are healthy throughout," she states.
Ohio has a Pregnancy-Associated Mortality Review Committee that examines deaths, and Britton says that data is beneficial in learning about past cases of maternal mortality and preventing future ones.
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A health care workforce shortage in New Hampshire is leaving Alzheimer's patients and their families with few options for treatment.
Patients facing a possible diagnosis are having to wait more than six-months to see a neurologist and are often forced to travel long distances.
Melissa Grenier, regional manager for the Alzheimer's Association of New Hampshire, said while patients wait, the disease progresses and families feel the financial and emotional strain.
"We want people to have the earliest and the most accurate diagnosis possible so that they can implement the best treatments," Grenier urged. "They can plan for the future."
New Hampshire has the most job openings in health care per capita and will need a more than 100% increase in geriatricians to meet demand by 2050.
Grenier pointed out 26,000 people in the state live with Alzheimer's disease and the number will grow to 32,000 next year.
State lawmakers are considering a bill to help build the pipeline of health care workers needed for what has been dubbed the "silver tsunami" of Alzheimer's and dementia patients. Senate Bill 403 would create a rural residency program, expand student loan repayments for medical workers and help expose more students to health care careers.
For now, Grenier noted the state has just 10 respite care facilities for people with Alzheimer's and demand is growing.
"I do not think that New Hampshire has the infrastructure to support our aging population and our growing population of people with memory impairment," Grenier asserted. "And subsequently, the number of people caring for those folks."
Grenier emphasized respite centers offer families a more affordable option compared to home health services, but those living in the state's lakes region or north country have even fewer options. She added people often call the Alzheimer's Association 24-hour hotline looking for advice on the difficult health care decisions they face each day.
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Summer will be here before you know it, and experts say now is the time to get prepared for Arizona's scorching and life-threatening temperatures.
Some 645 heat-associated deaths were confirmed by Maricopa County's Department of Public Health in 2023, breaking the previous year's record by more than 50%.
Dr. Rebecca Sunenshine, the health department's medical director, said the 2023 Heat Related Deaths Report demonstrates this is a significant public health concern for Arizona's most populous county.
"This is really a call to action," she said, "to make sure that we all come together across the county - community-based organizations, cities, the county government - to prevent these deaths almost all of which are preventable."
In 2023, an average of 13 heat related deaths per day occurred during July, with people who were unhoused making up the largest proportion. With hotter months on the way, Sunenshine encouraged Arizonans to check on neighbors and seniors who may live alone, make sure air conditioning systems are working and follow the county's "10 tips" to stay safe in the heat.
In addition to tracking heat-related deaths, the Department of Public Health also conducted an evaluation of cooling and respite centers that were part of Maricopa County's Heat Relief Network last year. Sunenshine said they learned valuable details - including that two-thirds of respondents didn't have a stable home, and that many people found the cooling centers only through roadside signs advertising them.
"Some of the biggest barriers to accessing cooling centers are not knowing they exist, not knowing where they're located and not having transportation," she said, "and we based all our actions this upcoming summer on the results of this cooling center evaluation."
She said they were able to establish a call center, operated by bilingual community health workers, to help connect people not only to heat-relief resources but to energy and security-assistance programs.
Arizonans can call 211 to help find transportation to the nearest heat-relief location, when they open again on May 1.
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This week, an Alabama group is drawing attention to the need for Medicaid expansion.
Currently, approximately 300,000 people are stuck in a health care coverage gap, earning too much for Medicaid but not enough for private insurance.
Debbie Smith, Cover Alabama campaign director for Alabama Arise, said they are reaching out to legislators statewide and sharing information about the stakes involved.
"About 19 of our rural hospitals are at risk of immediate closure," Smith reported. "That means they are at risk of closing in the next year. And having patients that come in that don't have health insurance coverage is not good for their bottom lines."
The Cover Alabama Coalition is engaging lawmakers through meetings in their districts and encouraging residents to share their experiences and thoughts on Medicaid expansion via social media. Although 19 rural hospitals are due for immediate closure, a report on rural hospitals from advisory firm Chartis highlighted more could be at risk in the long run. The report revealed nearly 74% of Alabama's rural hospitals are operating at a loss.
Smith sees Medicaid expansion as a life-or-death matter, which can greatly enhance the quality of life for many residents. She noted it would provide access to preventive care and vital medications, and can help people enter or remain in the workforce. She pointed out the current Medicaid threshold creates barriers for families in need.
"Let's say a single mom with two kids, she can't make more than $4,656 a year and still qualify for Medicaid unless she has a disability or is pregnant," Smith observed. "And at the other end of the perspective, they have to make at least around $25,000 to qualify for the health insurance marketplace."
She added the expansion could also benefit around 5,000 veterans who lack coverage. Currently, 41 states including District of Columbia, have already expanded Medicaid. Mississippi has also recently passed legislation in its House, it is now waiting for a Senate vote.
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