NASHVILLE, Tenn. -- Today is the American Cancer Society's Great American Smokeout event, where thousands of people across the country decide to quit smoking.

Advocates say Tennessee continues to lead the nation in smoking rates and cancer-related deaths, especially among communities of color.

They're calling on lawmakers to protect those communities by passing strong tobacco-control legislation.

Emily Ogden, state government relations director for the American Cancer Society, said Big Tobacco has targeted Black communities for decades, particularly through marketing menthol cigarettes.

She contended that's contributed to health disparities that never been more clear than during the coronavirus pandemic, as research has shown people who smoke or who used to smoke are at higher risk for COVID-19 illness and other infections.

"However, there's lots of evidence that smoking increases the risk of other types of viral lung infections," Ogden emphasized. "And this increase in risk is due to changes in the person's immune system and damage to the cells lining the airways and the lungs."

According to the American Lung Association, the rate of new lung-cancer cases is around 69% among Black Americans in Tennessee, significantly higher than the national rate of 61%.

Around 20% of Black Tennesseans say they are smokers. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control, Black Americans are more likely to die from smoking-related diseases, especially heart disease, cancer and stroke.

Ogden indicated state lawmakers could take steps now to keep residents healthy.

"The first would be to have regular and significant increases on tobacco taxes on all tobacco products," Ogden urged. "Tennessee hasn't raised the tobacco tax sine 2007, and it's currently at 62 cents per pack."

She added the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns of public spaces have people thinking about what healthier gatherings could look like when the public health crisis ends.

"So one of the things that we've seen actually in Nashville, just in the last couple of months, is an effort by local musicians to encourage bars and restaurants that are opening back up after being closed down from COVID to open smoke-free," Ogden explained. "And this is kind of more of a private... we're going to appeal to people's private business interests."

Currently, Tennessee puts no state money into tobacco prevention and cessation programs, which are primarily funded by payouts from Big Tobacco.

Ogden believes lawmakers should provide funding in the next state budget to fund evidence-based programs to help residents quit smoking.


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After more than 50 years of use, some Michigan lawmakers say naloxone may not be the best choice in an overdose situation.

Naloxone is sometimes called the "Lazarus drug" because of its powerful ability to seemingly resurrect people after a drug overdose.

Sen. Kevin Hertel, D-St. Clair Shores, and some of his colleagues have introduced a bill which would open the door for what they say are more costly, but more powerful, antidotes.

"Given the prevalence of fentanyl in our communities, and how much stronger some of these drugs that we're now seeing are, we believe -- and in talking with others -- that there should be other tools to respond to an overdose," Hertel explained. "To make sure we're doing everything we can to save somebody's life."

Not everyone is on board with the proposed legislation, Senate Bill 542. Opponents argued the more expensive naloxone alternatives are not necessary, and using them would only increase profits for the pharmaceutical industry.

Jonathan Stoltman, director of the Opioid Policy Institute in Grand Rapids, said while the naloxone alternatives do help in overdose situations, they can also cause nasty side effects.

"The newer approaches, they put people into more severe withdrawal," Stoltman pointed out. "That's a pretty profound negative side effect. The one approach is very inexpensive and works great; the other approach is far more expensive and has this strong negative side effect."

Sponsors of the bill say they're hoping to give Michigan residents a chance to chime in on the issue in a public hearing sometime in June. Michigan saw more than 3,000 opioid overdose deaths in 2021.


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New Mexico saw record enrollment numbers for the Affordable Care Act this year and is now setting its sights on lowering out-of-pocket costs - those not reimbursed by insurance. More than 56,000 New Mexicans are enrolled in a medical health insurance plan on the state exchange - an increase of 12,000 people overall.

Colin Baillio, deputy superintendent with the state's Office of Insurance, said the state has boosted its outreach and made efforts to improve the overall consumer experience.

"We saw a 40% year-over-year increase, and New Mexico saw the biggest percentage increase during the open-enrollment period among all of the state-based marketplaces," he explained

Part of the enrollment increase is due to what's called the "unwinding" - a federal directive that required all states to redetermine Medicaid eligibility following a three-year pause on checks during the COVID pandemic. He said by using expanded tools made available by the federal and state government, 8% of New Mexico's population is now uninsured - down from 23% in 2010.

Following approval by lawmakers in the 2024 legislative session, the New Mexico governor signed seven health care-related bills into law - one of which requires annual reporting of prescription drug pricing. Baililo said the Affordable Care Act built the foundation that has allowed the state to pursue additional affordability initiatives.

"I'm really glad to see that there's so much interest in the next step of health reform, really leaning into these out-of-pocket cost issues and making it easier for people to afford to stay covered and see their doctors," he continued.

Two years ago, the state also passed a one-of-a-kind law that did away with behavioral health co-pays for people in certain insurance plans.

New York's medical aid-in-dying bill is gaining further support. The Medical Society of the State of New York is supporting the bill. New York's bill allows terminally ill people with only six months to live to use this option, with safeguards requiring two physicians' approval.

The bill's Assembly sponsor Amy Paulin, D-Westchester, said despite the growing support, other hurdles lie ahead.

"Now we have what I believe, if it came to the floor, a majority. There's still a hesitation on the part of leadership. You know, we need members to assure leadership that they no longer have reservations," she said.

Other newly resolved concerns center on making sure insurance companies and doctors who don't support this aren't held liable. She's optimistic the bill will pass after nine years in the Legislature. New York would be the 11th state along with Washington, D.C. to have medical aid in dying legislation.

Corinne Carey, senior New York campaign director with Compassion and Choices finds the pandemic drew a vivid picture of a person's end-of-life experience. There were images of people dying on ventilators, apart from loved ones, and unable to communicate. She said people began thinking about a "good death."

"And, what is a good death is being surrounded by loved ones, having some measure of control, experiencing the touch of your loved ones, and being the one in the driver's seat," she explained.

Now people have different options for end-of-life care, each of which presents various challenges. Polls show medical aid in dying has garnered considerable support since being introduced in 2015. A 2022 Compassion and Choices poll finds 57% of nurses support medical aid in dying professionally, although fewer support it personally.