CHARLESTON, W.Va. – They work hard to get you a hot cup of coffee in the morning or a quick dinner at night, but many minimum wage fast-food workers depend on public assistance to feed their own families.

According to research from the University of California at Berkeley, more than half of the country's fast food workers are now in public assistance programs.

Sean O'Leary, a policy analyst with the West Virginia Center on Budget & Policy, says his organization’s research shows that many of these workers are actually trying to support families on minimum wage, no-benefit jobs.

"But if you're working on the minimum wage right now, your wage is set below the poverty level,” he adds. “Two-person poverty threshold is above what a full-time working 40 hour a week 52 weeks a year worker can earn at the minimum wage."

According to the Berkeley study, public assistance for fast food employees costs U.S. taxpayers $7 billion a year.

UC Berkeley economist Sylvia Allegretto says the research uncovers broader problems in the U.S. economy.

She says corporate profits as a share of national income are at record highs, while the share going to workers is at a 55-year low – and falling.

"Low-wage workers really took it on the chin during the Great Recession,” she says. “Hours cut, pay that was frozen or cut. And now that the economy is growing again and corporate profits are soaring, the workers are not sharing in those benefits."

According to O'Leary, nearly 200,000 West Virginians would get a raise if the minimum wage increased to $10.10 an hour – enough to get many off public assistance.

Critics charge that would increase unemployment by forcing fast food restaurants to lay off workers or cut hours.

O'Leary counters that it actually it wouldn't increase costs that much, even at fast food places.

"That's where most of the minimum-wage jobs are, are in the service sector and the retail industry and in the food service sector,” he explains. “But while raising the minimum does increase business costs, it's not really a huge cost."



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Orange County Convention Center food-service workers have authorized a strike, and the window for that action opens today.

Members of Unite Here Local 737 voted on November 21 to authorize a strike any time after their contract with the French food service provider Sodexo expired on Wednesday.

The vote in favor of the strike authorization was 235 to zero, and Local 737 President Jeremy Haicken said the issues are clear.

"Sodexo workers need a raise," said Haicken. "That's been our clear message. We need a raise in what people make on the job, and we need a raise in what people get in their retirement. We have full-time workers earning as little as $13.60 an hour and we have people who have no retirement plan."

In a statement, Sodexo says they will "continue to engage in good faith during ongoing CBA negotiations, in a sincere attempt to reach a fair and competitive set of long-term agreements in a timely manner."

Contract negotiations are scheduled to resume on December 13.

According to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology cost of living calculator, the living wage in Orlando is now more than $18 per hour.

In turn, Haicken said Unite Here is seeking a minimum wage of $18 per hour - along with improved retirement benefits.

"We're proposing a company-funded traditional pension plan," said Haicken. "Right now the workers have a 401(k). Very few people have enough cash on a weekly basis to put into a 401(k)."

In addition to Orlando, Sodexo is currently in contract negotiations with Unite Here workers at convention centers in Las Vegas, New Orleans, Sacramento and Detroit.

Citing a religious exemption, Edward Waters University - a private, historically Black school in Jacksonville - has shut down its faculty union.

The news came weeks after the university announced the inaugural leader of its A. Philip Randolph Institute, named after a prominent African American labor leader who led a successful campaign in 1925 to organize a union of Pullman workers and helped lead the 1963 March on Washington.

But Felicia Wider-Lewis, Ph.D - a former associate professor at Edward Waters - said she will have to leave the school today.

She claimed the infrastructure deteriorated over the years, and efforts to bargain with university leaders for better conditions failed.

"And I'm not trying to disparage the college in any mean way," said Wider-Lewis. "But we were fighting for our rights - basically, you know, for shared governance, for to have better wages and working conditions - all the things that everybody wants, you know."

Classes just ended this week for the fall semester at Edward Waters.

The university declined to comment for this story, but in a statement to the news organization The Tributary, it cited the National Labor Relations Board's 2020 decision not to have jurisdiction over religious schools.

The university stated it allows "EWU to be driven by its faith-based Christian mission, rather than the political agendas often associated with federal labor policies."

Wider-Lewis said the faculty union has been operating under the American Association of University Professors.

Lengthy negotiations came to a sudden halt in May when the university sent a letter saying it will not recognize the union - and since then, it has not.

"You know, the political arena right now, and previous in the Trump administration," said Wider-Lewis, "more of the politics was that anti-union stance."

Last year, the board of trustees of St. Leo University in Florida voted to no longer recognize its 44-year-old faculty union.

St. Xavier University in Chicago took a similar stance, as have other religious institutions - taking advantage of the NLRB decision, which is related to a 2018 court case.




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Illinois voters approved a "Workers' Rights Amendment" to the state constitution which broadens the state workforce's rights to collective bargaining.

The Nov. 8 ballot initiative, passed by 58% of Illinois voters, is a broadly worded expansion of the collective bargaining process extending beyond traditional terms and conditions of employment. Backers predict it will have a significant impact on bargaining rights, in both the public and private sectors.

Ann Lousin, professor of Law at the University of Illinois-Chicago, said the amendment could bring major changes to the labor movement in Illinois.

"I think that's going to be a huge thing," Lousin contended. "We're getting a resurgence of workers saying, 'We want to be able to have collective bargaining.' Now, you have an interesting question as to what more rights would workers feel that they should have?"

Lousin said the Illinois amendment, which was originally a resolution passed by the General Assembly, goes beyond the standard protections in current labor law, giving workers the added ability to bargain to, quote, "protect their economic welfare and safety at work." Language in the amendment also blocks Illinois from passing a so-called "right-to-work law," which would end compulsory union membership.

Business groups and others opposed the measure, claiming the amendment would give unions too much power, lead to more labor strikes, and force companies to move to other states.

Lousin noted opponents used fear tactics to gain "no" votes, but more than 2.1 million Illinoisans voted "yes."

"People from the conservative side will say, 'You know, we have a Workers' Rights Amendment in our state constitution, and we have a public pension right, and these are killing us. This is why your taxes are so high.' "

The Illinois State Board of Elections is scheduled to meet Dec. 5 to review the election results and make them official.