GRAYS HARBOR, Wash. - En el Congreso están sugiriéndose muchos cambios a la Ley Federal de Educación Escolar Elemental y Secundaria (ESEA, por sus siglas en inglés), incluso cancelar los fondos destinados a los programas de aprendizaje para verano y después de clases, a cargo de los 21st Century Community Learning Centers (Centros Comunitarios de Aprendizaje Siglo 21). La decisión afectaría 150 programas en Washington, que atienden a 18,000 niñas y niños. Comentan David Beard, director de política educativa y defensoría en School's Out Washington; y Jan Gravley, directora distrital en los programas fuera del aula del Centro Comunitario de Aprendizaje Siglo 21 (21st Century Community Learning Center). Imagen disponible: Foto de pequeños con un globo climatológico de gran altura que construyeron en el programa después de clases, en Walla Walla.

Se espera que el Congreso tome acción este mes sobre la Ley de Educación Elemental y Secundaria -lo que mucha gente conoce como "Ningún Niño se Queda Atrás". Eso podría tener importantes consecuencias no intencionales en los programas de aprendizaje de verano y después de clases. El estado de Washington no aporta fondos estatales para programas que se imparten al terminar el horario escolar, así que estos dependen precisamente del dinero federal que pudiera desaparecer. Las propuestas actuales de renovar la autorización permitirían a los estados gastar los fondos federales en cualquier faceta de la educación - pero David Beard, de School's Out Washington, opina que podrían ganar otras prioridades.

"Claro, tenemos a McCleary y la [iniciativa] 1351, que básicamente están pidiendo que todos los dólares que entraran al estado podrían ir no necesariamente a los programas de verano y después de clases. O sea, el estado probablemente rellenarían lo que haya que rellenar, y los programas serian eliminados."

Beard señala que durante años, el dinero de la Ley Federal de Educación Escolar Elemental y Secundaria (ESEA) ha sido la única corriente estable y confiable de financiamiento para los programas después de clases en Washington. En el Congreso se espera que la Asamblea vote la renovación de la autorización en las próximas dos semanas; la Senadora Patty Murray, la integrante de mayor rango del comité Senatorial que también está considerando los cambios.

Los efectos de una modificación serían significativos en la parte rural de Washington. Los dineros de la ley ESEA permiten que los programas permanezcan abiertos durante más horas, proporcionen comida, contraten personal e incorporen actividades STEM: ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas. En el Condado Grays Harbor, Jan Gravely encabeza los programas después de clase. Dice que la mayoría de sus estudiantes son de familias con pocos ingresos y pocas opciones.

"Creo que es realmente importante pensar en los programas de las areas rurales, las oportunidades que tenemos; pensar donde estarían los muchachos de nuestra comunidad en esas horas después de clase?"

A nivel estatal, School's Out Washington estima que 18 mil niños quedarían sin acceso a los programas de verano y después de clases, si el Congreso permite que se desvíen los fondos federales. Los impulsores del cambio dicen que en su versión actual, "No Child Left Behind" no da a los estados la flexibilidad que necesitan para la educación.


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A new report analyzes Pennsylvania's existing voucher programs, that divert public funds to private schools.

This comes on the heels of Gov. Josh Shapiro's plan to create a new voucher program for K-12 students.

Diana Polson - senior policy analyst with the Keystone Research Center - said last year's Commonwealth Court decision ruled that Pennsylvania's system of funding public education is unconstitutional, therefore the state doesn't have a dollar to waste on expanding existing private-school voucher programs or creating a new one.

"The basic-education funding commission estimated the state must pay $5.1 billion over the next seven years to make sure our public schools are funded equitably and adequately," said Polson. "Meanwhile, our report finds that existing private-school voucher programs are siphoning millions from taxpayers with little to show for it."

Supporters argue that vouchers let children leave under-performing public schools and get a better education at private schools.

Polson said Pennsylvania's voucher programs have no "meaningful educational or financial accountability," so they really have no way of knowing if these programs operate as intended or are beneficial to low-income or moderate-income students.

Polson said the report reveals that the programs have grown, and just this year they will cost the state nearly $500 million.

However, these voucher programs exclude students in rural areas, because there are few if any participating private schools in these regions.

Local public schools remain the primary option for most rural families.

"We also found that private schools receiving these funds are allowed to - and do - routinely discriminate against students for reasons including disabilities, sexual orientation, religious beliefs and more," said Polson. "These programs are also exclusive. They subsidize the state's most elite and expensive private schools as well as affluent families."

Polson said the report reveals that the Independent Fiscal Office estimated that the average EITC program scholarship was $2,314, while the Opportunity Scholarship Tax Credit was slightly less at around $2,000.

The cost of attending one of the top 25 private schools in Pennsylvania is around $41,000 per year. This means these schools are still out of reach for many low- and moderate-income families.

As Nebraska's 2024 legislative session draws to a close, family caregivers and their supporters are closely watching the progress of Legislative Bill 937, the Caregiver Tax Credit Act.

The bill provides eligible family caregivers up to $2,000 in tax credits for out-of-pocket expenses or up to $3,000 if the family member receiving care has dementia or is a veteran.

Jina Ragland, state director of advocacy and outreach for AARP Nebraska, said family caregivers are filling health care gaps in the state, especially with 15 Nebraska counties currently lacking a nursing home or assisted-living facility. Ragland argued the state's family caregivers need and deserve financial support.

"We really feel they're the backbone of the U.S. care system," Ragland emphasized. "Especially here in Nebraska because they're helping parents, they're helping loved ones live independently in their homes."

Family caregivers in the U.S. spend an average of $7,000 per year in out-of-pocket expenses. Employed caregivers sometimes lose wages when they have to take time off for caregiving responsibilities. Others retire early, losing both wages and retirement income.

The bill includes an income limit of $50,000 for individuals and $100,000 for married couples. Sen. Eliot Bostar, D-Lincoln, introduced the bill on behalf of AARP Nebraska. The legislature is expected to debate the measure for the second time this week.

Joyce Beck of Grand Island knows firsthand the emotional and financial strain of being a caregiver and losing a loved one. She retired early to care for her husband, who suffered from multiple sclerosis and cancer. In addition to significant out-of-pocket expenses, her Social Security and pension payments are both lower because she retired early.

Beck said she knows some Nebraskans face bigger financial struggles as a result of their caregiving.

"If there's any financial support that we can give, that would be so beneficial," Beck contended. "Some people don't have the option of a retirement account or a pension plan, so $2,000 would be huge for them. "

Ragland stressed family caregivers are helping Nebraska taxpayers as well. When their caregiving delays or prevents expensive-nursing home placement, it contributes to lowering the state's Medicaid costs.

"An important concept for people to understand is the value of those people who are just doing what they think is right," Ragland asserted. "The time and the money and the energy that they're providing as family caregivers to offset, again, the gaps in the care services that we have in our communities."

Six states currently offer a caregiver tax credit, and there is a bipartisan bill in the U.S. Congress to enact one at the federal level.

As California faces a $38 billion budget deficit, state lawmakers have identified $17 billion in potential cuts before the Legislature begins crunching the numbers later this week.

Initial plans include shifting some funds away from job training programs but the idea is getting some pushback. Advocates of the programs said at a time when skilled worker shortages plague essential sectors, investments in job training are needed.

Lisa Countryman-Quiroz, CEO of San Francisco-based Jewish Vocational Service, a nonprofit job training agency helping to match jobseekers with employers, said current economic conditions call for investment in programs like theirs.

"This is absolutely critical given the cost of living, given rising economic inequality in the state of California, the people who really want to be able to provide for their families, people who want to be able to advance in their careers," Countryman-Quiroz outlined. "We are helping people get there."

Democrats, who hold a supermajority, agreed last week to reduce the state's projected shortfall through spending cuts, delays, deferrals and cost-shifting. The budget debate could start as soon as Thursday.

Countryman-Quiroz said while job training can have high costs, workforce investments often pay for themselves by closing opportunity gaps in employment and creating economic revenue. She cited one program, known as the High Road Training Partnership.

"We see a really positive return on investment," Countryman-Quiroz pointed out. "Every dollar that JVS specifically has received in HRTP funds has resulted in $2 in wages for the jobseekers that we work with."

Jordan Hernandez, a graduate of the High Road Training Partnership, said he has successfully accessed both education and job opportunities.

"This program has given me a lot of confidence, especially with school things," Hernandez noted. "I never thought I'd be in school, so once I got into this program, I was very nervous, but they were very welcoming. They treated me with respect, and they understood where I was coming from."


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