Half of Americans go to work every day in the service industry, doing clerical work or in construction and other manual labor jobs but fewer than 2% of state lawmakers have any experience in working-class jobs, according to a new report.

Nicholas Carnes, political scientist at Duke University and co-author of the report, said when a broad section of the workforce is not represented, their concerns can be missed in critical policy decisions. He pointed to the old political saying: "If you're not at the table, you're on the menu."

"If there's a problem facing most lawyers, you can be darn sure the state legislature's going to care about it," Carnes asserted. "But if there's a problem facing working class people, our institutions can miss it when we have so few in office."

Just 1% of Republicans, and 2% of Democrats in state legislatures came from working class occupations in 2023. The report echoed warnings by Northwestern and Princeton University researchers American democracy has become a plutocracy. While ordinary voters have virtually zero impact on national policies, the decisions are dominated by wealthy individuals and business interests.

Carnes emphasized state legislatures make decisions with significant consequences and if an entire economic class of people are not in the room when policy decisions are being made, it can have a huge effect on the kinds of problems getting addressed, as well as proposed solutions.

"If no one in the room has been on what we used to call food stamps, is the $15 a month reduction a big deal?" Carnes asked. "No, it's not a big deal ... well yeah, it actually is a big deal for some people."

Very few Coloradans can support a family on $44,000 a year, the current salary for state legislators, or take time off work and raise the amount of money needed to run an effective campaign. Carnes believes getting state legislatures to better reflect the population they represent will take some work.

"Democracy's a good thing," Carnes noted. "But this is an unintended side effect of just how burdensome it is to run for office in any setting. And so, we need to think about targeted interventions that will make running for office more accessible to working-class people."

Support for this reporting was provided by The Carnegie Corporation of New York.


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Overflow crowds are showing up at town hall meetings in Iowa, which had been planned to allow people to ask questions of their congressional representatives. But the lawmakers are not showing up.

Constituents are attending town hall meetings at libraries across the state to ask about potential changes to Social Security, cuts to government agencies - and rollbacks of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion programs.

But Iowa American Federation of Labor President Charlie Wishman said U.S. Rep. Mariannette Miller Meeks - R-Davenport - and U.S. Rep. Zach Nunn - R-Bondurant - are among lawmakers who haven't shown up to listen.

"And if they don't show up, we still have crowds that are standing room only or overflowing," said Wishman, "just to try and talk to an empty chair."

Wishman said advocacy groups are trying to find other ways to connect people with their representatives - including by writing postcards or emails, or calling their Washington offices with questions about the Trump administration's effort to reduce spending and downsize the federal government.

The advisory group, the Department of Government Efficiency - overseen by SpaceX and Tesla CEO Elon Musk - has announced plans to terminate leases for seven federal office buildings in Iowa, including for the IRS, the Food and Drug Administration, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Wishman said the cuts mean terminating important positions for federal workers in Iowa.

"Bird flu people," said Wishman, "or they work at the disease lab up in Ames or, like, something that we really need staffed."

Wishman said since lawmakers didn't show up to the scheduled town hall meetings, attendees wrote their questions on postcards - which he says will be delivered to the congressional representatives' offices.

Apprenticeship programs are getting more attention these days to help fill skilled labor shortages but accessibility is seen is a barrier and Minnesota could boost support for a program that opens its arms to disadvantaged populations.

A Minnesota House committee heard testimony this week on a bill that would provide $800,000 over the next two budget years to the Building Strong Communities program, a regional nonprofit spearheaded by construction union partners.

Natalie Pilrain, a recent graduate of the program, said as a single mom trying to finish high school, it gave her the chance at a promising career by overcoming up-front hurdles.

"At the time, I didn't have extra money lying around for work boots or hotel expenses for going up to the training center," Pilrain pointed out. "Building Strong Communities covered those costs for me."

She is now earning strong wages as an apprentice with the International Union of Operating Engineers Local 49. Bill sponsors said additional state funds could help the program further fulfill its mission to recruit women, minorities and veterans. The measure has bipartisan sponsors but like other proposals this spring, it faces an uncertain future with Minnesota's budget surplus getting smaller.

Dorlisa Squires, also a program graduate, said officials were very responsive when she asked about it. After working in the medical device field for many years, Squires told the committee she wound up homeless without a promising career outlook. She stressed her new journey through the trades has given her a fresh start.

"Now I have a career and now I have placement," Squires explained. "I have an apartment, a car."

Officials said the free training has led to 107 job placements over a two-year period.

A new study commissioned by the federal Department of Labor said registered apprenticeship programs dramatically increase the ability of participants to afford basic needs, especially initiatives led by unions. The movement comes as the industry still hears complaints about long-standing issues such as nepotism.


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The seven national parks in Arkansas have not been spared from job cuts by the federal government.

Nationwide, 1,700 park employees have been let go by the Trump administration.

Eboni Preston, southeast regional director and National Park Service diversity lead for the National Parks Conservation Association, said the cuts will impact park services and the Arkansas economy.

"By fewer people being able to come to the parks, enjoy the parks, hotels are suffering, restaurants are suffering," Preston pointed out. "Walking up and down the community, it's really taking a toll, and so places like Hot Springs National Park and Buffalo National River, unfortunately they won't get the visitation that they did before."

She noted park visitors will also experience reduced hours, longer lines and closed campgrounds and facilities. Anyone going to a national park is encouraged to check the park's website for schedule changes.

Last year a record 331 million people visited national parks. Preston stressed with 9% of the workforce gone, park visitors will have a different experience this year.

"The National Park Service is always going to prioritize safety," Preston explained. "The rangers are going to do everything that they can to manage that, but what that means is there may be fewer opportunities to experience some of those unique places, especially if they're difficult to get to. So, just be mindful of that and then offering grace to the people that are there."

Preston added although morale is down, park employees are dedicated to help you have a good experience.

"It's really, really hard, but they're a committed group of people," Preston observed. "They're still smiling, they're still prioritizing the visitors. They're still making sure that everything is safe, they still are committed to the work that they signed up to do. You talk to most rangers, if you talk to most staff, they really feel called to this work."


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