Tennessee is working to get more people into college and career training programs, which the state says will be needed for good jobs in the future. And there's a lot more work to be done.

Tennessee ranks 46th among states for the percentage of working-age adults who have degrees or post-high-school career credentials.

Lumina Foundation, which tracks states' progress on higher ed, thinks 75% of adults will need degrees or credentials by 2040.

Steven Gentile, Ed.D, executive director of the Tennessee Higher Education Commission, said the state must improve to strengthen its workforce and drive economic growth. He points to several initiatives to help put college completion within reach.

"We have Tennessee Promise, Tennessee Reconnect, providing tuition-free education," said Gentile. "The governor announced the Tennessee Works scholarship, which will provide tuition-free education for our students at technical colleges."

The Lumina report found in 2023, just over 38% of the Tennessee labor force had a post-high school degree, certificate or certification, and wages at least 15% above the median earnings of a high school graduate.

Seventeen years ago, Lumina Foundation's first goal was for 60% of working-age adults to earn a degree or certification by 2025.

Tennessee's goal for this year has been 55%. But Gentile said the pandemic was a big setback that affected college enrollment nationwide.

"So, will we make 55%? I'm hopeful," said Gentile. "But we also knew that we were not going to stop with 2025 -- we need to be focused on attainment for 2030, 2035 as well."

Gentile said Tennessee leads the nation in per student funding for financial aid. The commission also has advisors out in the field helping adult learners navigate their way back to college.

"So, any adult who wants to retool - go back to college and get that first credential - they can do so and have it be tuition free, and making that happen," said Gentile. "And so, it's just continuously making sure that potential students know it's available."

Lumina has said reaching the 2040 goal will mean states doing more to make college more affordable, improve financial aid, and ensure that schools provide clear value to students and communities.

Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.




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The selection of Marva Johnson, a longtime corporate executive and ally of Gov. Ron DeSantis, as the next president of Florida A&M University has sparked fierce backlash over claims of political interference.

The university's board of trustees voted 8-4 last week to appoint Johnson, who lacks traditional higher-education experience but served on DeSantis' education advisory teams and the Florida Board of Governors. Critics have argued the search process was rigged to favor Johnson, who was added as a finalist late in the process.

Chuck Hobbs, a retired attorney, FAMU alumnus and former adjunct professor, pointed to the disconnect between the board's stated criteria and Johnson's background.

"If she isn't qualified from what their criteria indicated, not something in terms of what the alumni or students want but what this board of trustees said they were looking for ... if she doesn't meet those three criteria, then the second question has to be, then why is she there and what is the agenda?" Hobbs asserted.

Johnson dismissed claims she had an agenda or was a 'Trojan horse.' Supporters highlighted her management experience and political ties, while many students and alumni argued her selection threatens FAMU's autonomy as a historically Black university. The Board of Governors will review her appointment in June.

Walter Kimbrough, interim president of Talladega College and a veteran HBCU leader, noted a troubling trend of political influence in public HBCU leadership searches.

"I've gone back now about 15 years and I can't find an HBCU president with her background that's lasted more than five years," Kimbrough pointed out. "History said it's going to be a failure."

Kimbrough talked about the unique culture of HBCUs and the profoundly personal relationships formed on HBCU campuses between university presidents, their students, faculty and staff.

"She's never going to get that," Kimbrough contended. "Why then do you want a job when you're everything you represent is contrary to the idea of an HBCU presidency? It doesn't make any sense to me."

Hobbs sees Johnson's selection as the culmination of a yearslong conservative push to control public education.

Johnson's appointment came over Donald Palm, FAMU's longtime executive vice president; Rondall Allen, a provost at Maryland Eastern Shore; and Gerald Hector, a senior administrator at the University of Central Florida, all of whom met the board's original criteria for the job.

Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.


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Michiganders who left college early might now have a shot at finishing.

The Michigan Department of Lifelong Education, Advancement, and Potential's growing partnership with ReUp Education is designed to help qualified residents with some college under their belt finally get that diploma.

The initiative involves teaming up with community colleges across Michigan to help bring back 21- to 24-year-olds who started college but didn't finish -- many whose education was disrupted by the pandemic.

Sarah Szurpicki, director of MiLEAP's Sixty by 30 office, said they identified 40,000 eligible Michiganders.

"We know that having a talented workforce in Michigan is, in my view, the most important thing we can do to be helping all of Michiganders be set up for a prosperous future," said Szurpicki, "to have choices in what they're doing."

More than 1 million Michigan residents of working age have some college experience, but no degree.

The goal of the Sixty by 30 initiative is for 60% of the state's working-age adults to have a post-secondary degree.

A recent report from MiLEAP shines a light on why so many adults step away from school - which include work and family pressures, mental-health struggles, tight finances -- and housing and transportation issues.

Szurpicki emphasized that this effort is also about equipping colleges with what they need to support students working toward finishing their degrees.

"ReUp also provides that sort of like an outsider's perspective on anything a particular college can do" said Szurpicki. "They provide feedback directly to the colleges of what they're hearing from the students that they're reaching out to."

According to MiLEAP, more than 200,000 Michiganders who left college now have access to ReUp's coaching and re-enrollment support, many of them qualifying for free tuition through the Michigan Reconnect program.

Support for this reporting was provided by Lumina Foundation.



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Mississippi's education improvements could unravel unless the state addresses its teacher compensation crisis.

Toren Ballard, a former teacher and education policy researcher gave the warning and stressed the Magnolia state's 2022 pay raise temporarily boosted recruitment but did not solve retention. He pointed out when adjusted for inflation, teacher salaries remain below 21st century levels, with the most severe gaps in poorer districts unable to offer anything past a base salary.

"In recent years we have seen more people going into the profession, which is a good data trend but we've also seen the number of teachers leaving Mississippi classrooms explode," Ballard reported. "In recent years, in the average district, losing nearly one in four teachers each year."

Ballard praised Mississippi's new weighted student funding formula for addressing equity concerns. However, he highlighted competitive base salaries are critical to keeping up the state's education progress.

Ballard noted Mississippi's teacher shortage affects high-need districts and critical subjects like math and science. He argued paying teachers more is not necessarily about fairness.

"No, it's microeconomics," Ballard emphasized. "If we are going to offer more competitive salaries to Mississippi teachers, we are going to get more people interested in coming to Mississippi to begin with and more importantly, staying in Mississippi if they're already here."

Mississippi saw reading gains following the 2016 Literacy-Based Promotion Act, with fourth-grade test scores rising as other states declined.

Ballard hopes lawmakers now turn to current challenges, like rising health insurance premiums eating up a quarter of new teachers' salaries. There will also be reduced pension benefits for those hired after March 2026.


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