Across the country, and especially in rural parts of Tennessee, U.S. Postal Service staffing shortages are being blamed by some for delays in mail delivery.
Some postal carriers say the lack of staffing hampers the ability to split overloaded routes, and is at the heart of the issue affecting prompt mail delivery.
Williamson County Rural Mail Carrier Bryce Shanklin said permanent staff have fantastic perks - such as comprehensive health care, job security and getting all the federal holidays like President's day this weekend.
He said it's worth putting in the grunt work upfront.
"When you're a sub, you are going to be working seven days a week from where we deliver Amazon on Sundays, and you're working a lot of your holidays," said Shanklin. "So that's a big drawback when people come into a job. They just don't look at the long term where our benefits are phenomenal."
In 2020, the Postmaster General put a plan into effect known as "Delivering For America," to minimize employee turnover by converting more staff to career status.
Since the plan was implemented, the number of conversions has grown to 125,000. But the American Postal Workers' Union says the Postal Service is still shorthanded.
Shanklin said rural routes that include deliveries for online retailers can be very time consuming.
"Amazon trucks, DHL, UPS, FedEx, they're all running in the city," said Shanklin. "But you get out rural? That falls on the Post Office. Even if you have postal vehicles, you're making two trips - making three sometimes, more of course at Christmas - just to get those packages to get out."
But Shanklin said once the carrier has a routine down, the work is satisfying.
"I started in '05 during Christmas, I was like, 'There is no way I can do this job,'" said Shanklin. "And then a couple years later, I could do a dozen or so routes like the back of my hand. Of course, with every job, it's not always for everybody - but you just put a little effort into it, it's really easy. It really is pretty easy."
Shanklin's Williamson County neighborhoods even have an online appreciation committee to thank him for his efforts and friendly demeanor on the route.
He said if more people appreciated their carriers, it couldn't help but affect their job satisfaction, as well.
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North Dakota is in the top half of states for average weekly grocery bills and a new national report detailed how consumer debt is bridging the gap for households having a hard time covering food expenses.
Policy experts said grocery price increases have outpaced overall inflation. Findings from the Urban Institute showed in 2023, 60% of adults reported their families used credit cards to buy groceries and 7% were not able to make minimum monthly payments on the charges. Nearly one in five dipped into savings to maintain their food supplies.
Kassandra Martinchek, senior research associate at the Urban Institute, said the report reflects the financial strain some people are feeling.
"Some families are really struggling to even meet their basic needs and are taking riskier financial strategies that could leave them less capable to cope with a future financial shot," Martinchek observed. "Something like losing their job."
For those taking advantage of Buy Now, Pay Later options for groceries, 37% reported missing payments on loans. A separate report earlier this year found North Dakota is just below the national average for grocery expenses. However, it is still 23rd highest in the nation, sitting above neighboring states.
Even if food prices start to come down, Martinchek emphasized missed debt payments during the price hikes could have lasting effects.
"They could have constrained access to affordable credit options and struggle to take advantage of different wealth building opportunities," Martinchek explained.
She added it is especially the case for historically disadvantaged households. The report suggested policymakers strengthen social safety nets to help these families as pandemic aid expires. But increasing payments under programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program might be hard in a divided Congress. Another recommendation called for bolstering credit counseling and debt management services.
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It's graduation season, and in Minnesota, it's not just high schools and universities sending off waves of students. Organizers say they're seeing a lot of people complete apprenticeship training for careers in the construction trades.
Building Strong Communities is a statewide apprenticeship program that prepares future construction workers over a 12-week period. At its spring graduation at North Hennepin Community College, 105 men and women received their certificates.
Rick Martagon, executive director of Building Strong Communities, said that's up 41% from last year, which coincides with a growth in a more diverse group of apprentices, including older students.
"And a lot of people are making a career change as adults who have been in the workforce for quite a while. And they're interested in doing something else, and they look at the opportunities within the building construction trades and are making that change," he explained.
He thinks there's been a more intentional effort to recruit the next generation of workers in the trades, who might have concerns that the work is harder or not as lucrative as technology jobs. Martagon said starting wages are strong and earned credentials can be used all over the country. National forecasts show an overwhelming need for skilled trade workers with the renewed push for housing construction.
Analysts say the industry needs to move even faster with recruitment, as many construction workers retire. Martagon says the good news is, demand is strong for solid-paying jobs, making their outreach a little easier.
"We're in a good place right now as we see growth in retirements and a good economy, investment in infrastructure," Martagon continued.
Federal programs, like the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act, are spurring projects, including construction related to clean energy. Building Strong Communities is supported by unions around Minnesota and state grants. Leaders say a strong component is that it starts with virtual classes before hands-on training, and participants are given a true sense of what it's like to perform this work - helping them decide whether to continue.
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Today, workers at the Mercedes Benz plants in Vance and Woodstock, Alabama, will decide whether to form a union.
More than 5,000 employees are preparing for a historic vote, that could affect both their futures and the labor landscape in the South.
Brett Garrard, a worker at the Mercedes Battery Assembly Plant in Woodstock, said he believes joining the United Auto Workers represents the pursuit of such basic needs as fair wages and adequate benefits.
Over time, he said the disparities with a two-tiered pay system and reduced health coverage have made many workers feel undervalued and ignored.
"To have the UAW step in and represent us, we would have a voice and be able to sit down and negotiate," said Garrard. "And then, we wouldn't have surprise changes in health care or we wouldn't have to be penalized financially. There's many factors to it - the biggest part would be able to have a voice, to truly be heard."
The vote takes place in person at the plants, from May 13 to May 17. It's happening shortly after workers at a Volkswagen Plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee, voted to unionize last month.
Alabama Gov. Kay Ivey is among the six Southern governors opposing unionization.
For Mercedes Benz worker Austin Brooks, this vote represents more than a personal gain. He said he aspires to achieve fair treatment and representation, for himself and other autoworkers.
"It'll light a fire under the workers everywhere else, saying, 'They got it, why don't I have that?'" said Brooks. "And it helps them start a movement where they work, saying, 'We want this as well. We also want to be treated this way. We also want to be treated fairly. We want these benefits. We want this coverage. We want this retirement plan; we want this 401k.'"
The potential impact goes beyond the factory floor, according to Alexander Hertel-Fernandez, associate professor of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University.
He said research confirms that higher wages and improved working conditions can stimulate local economies.
"When workers have higher wages and better working conditions, it allows them to better participate in their local communities, better support their families," said Hertel-Fernandez. "And I think there's good reason to think that this is going to help the local community in which the plant operates."
He predicted the efforts in Alabama will help amplify the future UAW efforts in the South.
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