It has been almost a year since New Hampshire families received the last monthly Child Tax Credit payment of a few hundred dollars, and their advocates say the result of stopping the payments has been alarming.

The families include some 217,000 children, and the number who report they "sometimes or often" did not have enough to eat in the previous week has increased by 50% in the past year.

Michael Reinke, executive director of the Nashua Soup Kitchen and Shelter, said the change has been dramatic.

"Running out of the things that are more expensive -- running out of meat, running out of milk, eggs -- those are the highest demand right now," Reinke observed.

Reinke noted requests for family food boxes are up 25% from this time last year. His organization is urging lawmakers to make restoring the Child Tax Credit a top priority. But the credit has faced headwinds from conservatives in Congress and some older Americans, who think it's too expensive.

The loss of the Child Tax Credit came as costs for food, fuel and nearly everything else have increased. Nearly half of New Hampshire adults with children say they found it difficult to pay their regular household bills in September, and more than 15% were behind in their rent.

It comes as no surprise to Reinke, who pointed out the majority of people he meets at the soup kitchen are working, sometimes at more than one job.

"You can be working full-time and still not be able to make all of your ends meet," Reinke emphasized.

Census data show when the Child Tax Credit was available, employment rose slightly more among people with children than those without. Other research has shown the extra aid helped improve children's health and education, especially as students struggle to regain learning lost during the pandemic.

Advocates for low-income workers say those gains are already being lost.

Cary Gladstone, area director for Granite United Way, which offers free income-tax assistance for people of low to moderate incomes, said the Child Tax Credit offers significant help to the average tax filer making roughly $28,000.

"And so, if you can imagine, the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Child Tax Credit being added to that, I mean, that can mean a maximum of more than $10,000," Gladstone stressed. "A 40% increase in their overall income."

Gladstone added Granite United Way is encouraging lawmakers to revive the Child Tax Credit, and possibly include retroactive payments for families in need. With winter approaching and more calls requesting help to New Hampshire's 211 hotline, he said he hopes lawmakers get the message.

Alabama is one of 14 states opting out of the 2024 summer electronic benefit program.

As summer rolls around, there will be no programs in place to help low-income families with grocery costs.

LaTrell Clifford Wood, hunger policy advocate for the group Alabama Arise, said as a result, more than 500,000 children who usually receive free or reduced lunch could go without meals. She noted while summer feeding programs will be available, they will not reach everyone in need.

"Ninety-four percent of Alabama children who rely on free and reduced-price meals won't have access to them over the summer," Clifford Wood reported. "That means that only 6% of the children who rely on those meals during the school year are going to be fed through summer feeding programs."

Clifford Wood warned limited hours, transportation and strict program rules will hinder many families from benefiting from such vital programs. The Alabama Legislature did not allocate the necessary $15 million for the program by the end of the last session. However, Clifford Wood noted there is a chance the program will be funded in the summer of 2025.

As legislators focus on next year's budgets, Clifford Wood stressed the need for funding next summer's EBT program. She pointed out Alabama Arise is calling for lawmakers to allocate funds from the Education Trust Fund to combat child hunger, affecting one in four children in the state.

"This is a program that's been tested for 13 years," Clifford Wood emphasized. "It's had three rigorous evaluation periods, and it was shown to improve the diet of children and decrease children's food hardship by a third."

Clifford Wood believes prioritizing children's needs and addressing food insecurity is a form of preventive care and serves as an early investment in the state's overall wellness.

The Food Research and Action Center said funding the e-benefits program would also benefit the economy - adding anywhere from $98 million to $117 million. The Alabama Senate Finance and Taxation Education Committee is expected to vote on the budget next week.

California's program helping low-income families buy fresh fruit and vegetables is on the chopping block and health care advocates are asking legislators to save the Market Match program.

Gov. Gavin Newsom has proposed cutting most of the program's $35 million budget to help close the state's budget shortfall.

Sophia Vaccaro, a participant in Market Match from Echo Park, said she depends on Market Match in more ways than one.

"It helps people being able to stretch their budget further," Vaccaro explained. "Then, I think it helps the community, in that it creates a sense of camaraderie at the farmers' market and makes people more invested in the community itself."

The program matches every dollar CalFresh customers spend on fresh fruits and vegetables at a farmer's market up to between $10 and $20 per day. It is active at 294 sites across the state and is partially paid for through federal matching funds.

Dr. John Maa, surgeon at Marin Health Medical Center and board member of the San Francisco Bay Area chapter of the American Heart Association, said Market Match promotes healthy eating and boosts the local farm economy.

"An improved diet really will have long-term meaningful impacts on health, and also reduce health care costs," Maa explained. "It really helps to sustain the growers and the merchants. I guess it's a win-win-win."

Siu Han Cheung, outreach coordinator for the Tenderloin Neighborhood Development Corporation and board member of the Heart of the City Farmers' Market, argued the program is vital to residents across the state.

"If the Market Match will be cut, that is terrible," Cheung stressed. "That means they have less money to buy their food. So, Market Match is very important for the low-income families and the seniors."

Legislators and the governor are working toward the May budget revisions, and must pass a balanced budget by June 15.

South Dakotans face high prices at the grocery store and some are working to ease the burden.

A new report from the Federal Trade Commission finds some grocery retailers used the supply-chain disruptions of the pandemic to raise prices and collect bigger profits, even after supply chains regulated.

One South Dakota group is trying to reduce sticker shock by targeting the state sales tax on groceries. Dakotans for Health is sponsoring a citizens ballot initiative to repeal the 4.2 % tax.

Rick Weiland, co-founder of the group, said lower food bills would make a meaningful difference for some.

"People of modest means, or low income hardworking families, disproportionately spend upwards of 30% on food," Weiland pointed out. "This is going to be helpful."

South Dakota is one of only two states in the country to apply its full state sales tax rate to groceries with no exemptions, Mississippi being the other. More than 9% of South Dakotans are considered food insecure, meaning they do not always have access to enough healthy food.

The grocery tax has been a popular topic among state legislators in recent years. Republican Gov. Kristi Noem even campaigned on the promise to repeal it. Critics have said proposing a tax cut without a way to finance it is irresponsible.

Weiland pointed out Gov. Noem had a formula spelled out when she brought forward her bill in 2023, which was voted down.

"She had no problem defending her position in front of the Legislature, in terms of how much revenue the state was going to lose and where they could make it up," Weiland recounted.

The initiative needs about 17,500 signatures by next month to appear on the November ballot.