HELENA, Mont. – A new report explores how Native Americans are perceived in the United States, and according to one of its project leaders, it's the largest public-opinion research project about Native Americans ever conducted.

Crystal Echo Hawk said the goal of the report "Reclaiming Native Truth" was to find out about the dominant narratives and perceptions of native people from a diverse group of Americans. It included focus groups spanning 11 states and every race. She said toxic and contradictory stereotypes about Native Americans persist, such as ideas that they're dependent on the government, but also flush with casino money.

"What we actually found is (that) the biggest barrier that Native Americans face is invisibility and erasure, in the fact that you don't see native peoples in the media; you don't see them on TV and film," she said. "And in fact, almost 50 percent of K-through-12 schools in the United States don't teach about Native Americans past 1890."

Nearly three-quarters of respondents said schools need to make curriculum changes on Native American culture and history. Echo Hawk praised Montana's work on this front. She said she hopes the report also acts as a road map to create more positive perceptions of Native Americans.

Echo Hawk Consulting partnered with First Nations Development Institute on the project.

So many negative stereotypes have a direct effect on native people's well-being, Echo Hawk said. That's especially important in Montana; not only does the state have the country's highest suicide rate, but it is highest among Native Americans. Echo Hawk said suicide is one of the biggest issues Native American communities face, and it's an especially big problem among youths.

"When we first started this project, we actually were challenged by a number of Native American youths who came and spoke to leaders of the project and said, 'We need you to do this for us. We're counting on you,' " Echo Hawk said. "So, it's really that sense of a responsibility to our children that was a big driver."

Echo Hawk said she hopes the report can begin a healing process for communities.

"This is really about how do we see one another, first and foremost, as human beings and not stereotypes and caricatures," she said. "And that applies to all different types of people in society, and I think there's a longing right now for people wanting to get out of this sort of toxicity."

The "Reclaiming Native Truth" report is online at reclaimingnativetruth.com.


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CORRECTIONS: Washington Gov. Bob Ferguson was not at the 3rd annual taskforce summit. An earlier version incorrectly stated he had attended. In addition, the story now mentions that the American Indian Health Commission organized the summit. (11:12 a.m. PST, June 30, 2025)

Native Americans in Washington state face opioid and fentanyl overdose rates four times the national average and leaders are calling for more investment in treatment centers and transitional housing to address the problem.

While nationally fentanyl overdoses have declined, Native American fatalities have surged since the pandemic.

Rep. Debra Lekanoff, D-Bellingham, is part of the State Tribal Opioid-Fentanyl Taskforce. She serves Whatcom County, where overdose-related fatalities are the highest in the state.

"I can't tell you the number of times that the Native American communities of Lummi Nation and of the Nooksack Tribe have stood next to their graves being in such sadness from the loss of their grandmothers, their mothers, their children," Lekanoff recounted.

During the taskforce's third annual summit, organized by the American Indian Health Commission, tribal leaders and state agencies met for three days and heard from community members in recovery from opioid use disorder.

Last year, Lekanoff noted, the task force partnered with tribal governments and invested in substance abuse treatment facilities based on a successful model created by the Swinomish.

"The model that Swinomish created 12 years ago has now been incorporated into over 20 tribally owned substance abuse disorder facilities that are healing all Washingtonians," Lekanoff explained.

Lekanoff added in the next couple of years the task force will focus on transitional housing for those recovering from substance abuse. She stressed it is a nonpartisan issue and it will take everyone working together to make change.

"It is going to take us recognizing that we're one people, we're one family, we're one community in Washington state," Lekanoff emphasized.


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American Indian and Alaska Native communities in Colorado continue to face significant gaps in health care access, quality and outcomes, according to a new analysis of the Colorado All Payer Claims Database.

While the communities face higher rates of many chronic conditions, they are also not getting important preventive care.

David Wright, data manager at the Denver Indian Center, said fear remains a primary barrier, pointing to decades of mistreatment, including the forced sterilization of women and federal policies forcing medicine men and other spiritual leaders into mental asylums up until 1978.

"Native people, for a long time, have been used to advance medical research without their consent," Wright pointed out. "And so there's a large mistrust within the native communities against the medical profession."

Between 2018 and 2024, American Indian and Alaska Native people were diagnosed with kidney disease, autoimmune, nervous, metabolic and endocrine disorders such as diabetes at rates far above their white peers. Wright noted the analysis, produced in partnership with the Center for Improving Value in Health Care, will be used to create a culturally tailored education program for health providers.

Without additional training, Wright pointed out health professionals are likely to continue to assume chronic conditions are due to an individual's dietary choices. Many do not understand for more than 100 years, tribes had to rely on government rations, typically high in carbohydrates and salt, to get enough calories.

"Because of the forced relocation and the reservation systems, and relying on heavily carbohydrate related rations," Wright added.

Poverty, lack of affordable housing and the breakdown of family systems also disproportionately affect health outcomes. Wright argued better health will require treating the whole person, not just specific medical conditions. When people are out of balance in any one area, he stressed there are ripple effects.

"If we're not able to provide stable housing -- which is not only of mental and emotional and physical importance -- but it also will affect the outcomes and the teachings and the role modeling you need for your children and your family structures," Wright emphasized.


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Ho-Chunk has kicked off its summer internship program in Nebraska after sifting through 600 applicants.

It is opening pathways to higher education and leadership positions within the Winnebago Tribe in Nebraska. The Ho-Chunk Incorporated internship program will mentor nearly two dozen students this summer, 14 of whom are members of the Winnebago Tribe.

Aaron LaPointe, CEO of Ho-Chunk Capital, started as an intern and said the program is an opportunity for interns to learn a business from the ground up - and he has personal experience.

"I was studying agriculture, and the CEO here at Ho-Chunk was like, 'What? We have a tribal member studying agriculture? He's got to run this farm,'" LaPointe recounted.

LaPointe started by running the farm and ascended to head Ho-Chunk Capital, an investment arm of the corporation. He took on several other roles on his way up the ladder, too. The internship program is highly competitive. From hundreds of applicants, only 24 were accepted.

In addition to learning skills they need to be successful in business, LaPointe said, interns also gain the confidence to do their jobs.

"Our interns aren't just sitting in a cubicle off to the side filing," he explained. "They're in the board meetings, they're in the executive board meetings and strategizing business, and we really make it a well-rounded experience."

The internship program runs until Aug. 1.