Ukrainians, along with many Germans and Norwegians, accounted for most of the European settlers who landed in North Dakota. Now, their descendants worry about what lies ahead for the country's drive for freedom following Russia's invasion.

The Ukrainian Culture Institute (UCI), based in Dickinson, said locals with ties to the country are watching the developments with great concern.

Kate Kessel, executive director of the Institute, said through the Homestead Act, Ukrainian immigrants came to North Dakota for farmland. Younger generations are now steeped in the American way of life.

But she pointed out they still worry loved ones back in Ukraine facing the possibility of going back to Soviet-era rule.

"Ukraine just celebrated their 30th anniversary of freedom, so they are a young country yet," Kessel explained. "The people, they don't want to go back to their communists and be under communist rule. "

According to recent polling from the National Democratic Institute, roughly 75% of Ukrainians want to become a fully functioning democracy. World leaders opposed to Russian actions, including U.S. President Joe Biden, say the invasion is an attempt to reestablish the former Soviet Union.

The UCI was established in 1980 to preserve Ukrainian culture in North Dakota. Kessel noted as older immigrants and descendants retired, a number of them passed down their farms to their children. They are heartbroken to see loved ones across the globe not fully enjoy the freedoms they were afforded after coming to the U.S.

"Many of the older Ukrainians, they still have family, distant cousins, back in Ukraine," Kessel emphasized. "And of course, you know, any unrest over there in their homeland is very concerning to them."

Gov. Doug Burgum issued a statement condemning Russia's actions, saying, "Our thoughts are with those of Ukrainian heritage in North Dakota." The governor also expressed concern about North Dakota farmers and businesses with interests in Ukraine.

Support for this reporting was provided by The Carnegie Corporation of New York.

In cities across the globe, including the Michigan city of Midland, various organizations are commemorating International Day of Peace today.

Midland holds an official designation as of last year.

Judy Timmons, treasurer for the Midland chapter of Nonviolent Peaceforce, underscored the significance of contemplating peaceful conflict resolution during polarized times. This year, it plans to distribute a book on conflict resolution and introduce a simulator, aimed at providing attendees with valuable learning experiences.

"People from various backgrounds share their experiences, whether it's in Ukraine or our meta peace team folks that will be speaking about their work that they do," Timmons outlined. "At some point asking them, these people that are listening, 'What would you do in that case?'"

Midland will host events from 12:30 p.m. to 3 p.m. Saturday at Creative 360, 5501 Jefferson Avenue. Timmons noted individuals participating in the simulator among other activities will receive a Peace Rose book to take home, offering assistance in managing day-to-day conflicts.

Timmons pointed out there are nearly 400 Cities of Peace worldwide. She expressed her deep sense of honor Midland is one of them.

"Things are so divisive in our country right now, so any way we can bring people together makes me very happy," Timmons emphasized. "Because I know we're not sitting on the sidelines and just wringing our hands and wishing things were different. We're actively doing something."

Attendees of this Saturday's Midland event will be asked to sign a "Kindness Promise." It is a pledge to be caring, helpful, and sharing. The promise also quotes the Dalai Lama: "Be kind whenever possible. It is always possible."

The power and destructiveness of nuclear energy has been in the spotlight since the film "Oppenheimer" was released in July. It is in focus again this week with the anniversaries of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan during World War II.

Mary Miller, a member of Idaho nuclear energy watchdog Snake River Alliance, explained the movie about J. Robert Oppenheimer and the first experiment with the atomic bomb stops short of the bombs dropped on Japan. But Miller noted Oppenheimer's ideas changed after that.

"His message was that humanity must learn humility in the face of nature and use its experience with atomic energy to prosper international peace," she said. "The nuclear power that was unleashed on Japan was just unimaginably too big and too lethal for humankind."

The 78th anniversary of the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima was Sunday, and the anniversary of the Nagasaki bombing is on Wednesday. It is estimated the two bombs may have killed as many as 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians.

Advocates for nuclear energy are increasingly promoting its ability to help move the country from dirty sources of fuel in the fight against climate change, but Miller said it should not be considered a clean source of energy because its negatives outweigh the good it might be able to achieve.

"Just like that power that was unleashed in the bomb, the use of nuclear energy for electricity, which is called nuclear power, cannot be safely anticipated, predicted or controlled," she explained.

Miller pointed to a number of issues with nuclear energy, such as safe transportation and storage of its waste, which sometimes has a radioactive half life that extends thousands of years. Experiments on new types of nuclear reactors are eing conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory.

U.S. officials are being asked to invest more in programs that could help end or prevent conflicts, whether in Ukraine or any region dealing with significant unrest.

The Prevention and Stabilization Fund is a key account in the U.S. foreign aid budget, to support efforts to prevent and respond to conflict and instability worldwide.

But money for that fund appears to be missing in the latest House appropriations bill on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs.

Megan Rodgers - U.S. policy and advocacy manager with the group Nonviolent Peaceforce - said if that's the case, it undercuts the more proactive approach to addressing instability in vulnerable regions.

"It's actually would save the American taxpayers in the long term," said Rodgers, "by stopping conflicts before they start and really helping promote peace and security throughout the world."

In a statement, U.S. Rep. Mario Díaz-Balart - R-Miami - who chairs the House Appropriations Subcommittee, said he is "proud to be part of the Republican Majority in bringing back fiscal sanity to the appropriations process."

He added that he will "ensure that the American taxpayer does not foot the bill for overseas abortions [and] controversial climate change programs...and bloated international organizations."

Rodgers argued that those cuts will affect key international aid accounts, including the Global Fragility Act, Complex Crises Fund and contributions to international organizations.

She said she's also worried about removal of language supporting Unarmed Civilian Protection.

"These are all really key funds," said Rodgers, "that protect civilians worldwide, that help to prevent and mitigate violence and conflict, and to promote a more peaceful and stable global community."

Republicans say they are pleased that the bill includes real cuts - with a 24% funding reduction from the administration's request, and a 12% reduction from last year's funding level.

Rodgers said those cuts threaten peace and leave lives at risk. Her organization is asking the House to reverse course and urging the Senate to do more to support the programs.