For the second year in a row, suicides represent nearly 70% of all gun deaths in Minnesota. Those working to stop gun violence hope the new data opens more eyes to a concerning trend, and dispels some myths as well.

The 2021 gun death numbers, released this month by the group Protect Minnesota, coincide with Suicide Prevention Awareness Month. The group's Executive Director Rashmi Seneviratne said many suicides by firearm are concentrated in rural parts of the state and often involve older men.

As farming communities deal with economic stress, she said guns handed down from previous generations might still be in the family home.

"Past generations have grown up being used to guns for hunting, for food and that sort of thing," said Seneviratne, "and that's not necessarily what we're using it as much for."

And she said there's concern not enough conversations are happening within these families about safe storage.

Protect Minnesota says the numbers also show gun deaths aren't just an issue in Minneapolis and Saint Paul. But Seneviratne said it's important to not overlook gun violence in urban settings and the effect it has at the community level.

Whether it's suicides or gun violence in communities, Seneviratne said policymakers can't lose sight of the root causes.

"We say 'Minneapolis' and we say 'Greater Minnesota,' but the root causes are the same," said Seneviratne, "It's lack of resources. It's lack of educational activities after school, and opportunities. It's lack of viable employment opportunities."

As of late, Minnesota has had the lowest unemployment rate in the country. But labor analysts say in rural areas, having the necessary skills for available jobs has been a roadblock for some.

Meanwhile, Seneviratne said promoting safe gun storage or trigger locks can add seconds to a volatile situation that might prompt an individual to reconsider their actions.

The five-year anniversary of the worst mass shooting in U.S. history is coming up Oct. 1, and Las Vegas is preparing to honor the victims, survivors and first responders.

When a gunman opened fire on the Route 91 music festival, 59 people died, and 867 people were injured, as he shot down from a room at the nearby Mandalay Bay Hotel.

Tennille Pereira, director of the Vegas Strong Resiliency Center, said the massacre still has the city on edge, citing a recent incident where someone threw a rock at a glass door at the MGM Grand, causing a panic.

"All the mass shootings that are across the nation has changed our mindset, where if glass breaks, we are automatically assuming that there's a shooter. The mass shootings have definitely changed the way the community responds to things."

This year's commemoration is called "From The Darkest Night Comes The Strongest Light." The Vegas Strong Resiliency Center is giving away kits to make a lantern, which can be displayed in people's front windows. On Sept. 30, they will sponsor a webinar with a mental-health professional who will show people how to build the lantern.

Many other community events are planned on Saturday the first, including a sunrise remembrance ceremony and a concert called the Remember Music Festival at the Clark County Government Center.

Pereira noted the Vegas Strong Resiliency Center offers ongoing support groups and services for victims of the massacre and other types of crimes.

"The truth is that you don't get over this, it changes you, and it changes the community," Pereira explained. "It is important to mark that and recognize that and validate what people are going through."

Other community events to mark Oct. 1 include a quilt exhibit, a blood drive and a ceremony with a reading of the victims' names.

Gun violence is a major issue across the country, and now, the work of a 20th-century anthropologist could help people dive deeper into their own relationship with guns.

The Seattle-based Ernest Becker Foundation is hosting a webinar using a theory put forth by the group's namesake to explore the topic of gun violence. Becker's work involved death anxiety.

Jeff Greenberg, a professor at the University of Arizona who will be part of the webinar, said death anxiety compels a person's attraction to or fear of guns, and he pointed out the fear of death can also cause people to cling tighter to their views on guns.

"A big way that we keep a lid on our death anxieties is to believe that we are part of this meaningful world, and that we have some significance in the context of this meaningful world," Greenberg explained.

Greenberg noted some people are afraid of dying from guns, while others believe they provide protection from death for themselves and their families. The panel on gun violence and mortality takes place online on Sept. 13.

Julia Weber, implementation director for the Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, will moderate the conversation. She believes Becker's work on death anxiety can help guide the country to more solutions on gun violence.

"It's an opportunity, really, to humanize the problem, in the sense that we can all recognize that we have certain types of anxiety in common," Weber contended. "This generalized concern about death anxiety, I think, can really help inform the work in violence prevention."

Greenberg asserted death anxiety points to why people on the left and right become entrenched in their worldviews. He contended it is important to understand the effect of confronting one's own mortality on beliefs.

"When emotion comes into it, and anxiety obviously is an emotion, you tend to get this sort of rigidity," Greenberg observed. "Rather than a more open-minded engagement with different views that might lead to more progress toward compromise solutions that everybody can get on board with."

More than 200 Black Hoosiers lost their lives to homicide in 2019, and a new report reveals the state has one of the highest overall rates of Black homicide victims in the nation.

Based on federal crime data, the study found the 2019 Black homicide victimization rate in Indiana was nearly 29 homicides per 100,000 Black residents, which is the country's third-highest rate.

Josh Sugarmann, executive director of the Violence Policy Center, which issued the report, said most of the states with high rankings share a common thread.

"They have limited gun violence prevention laws in the state itself, and often rely solely, or nearly solely, on federal standards," Sugarmann explained. "This is the case with Indiana, which has virtually no controls beyond the federal statutes."

The study only includes data up to 2019, the most recent year such federal crime statistics are available. The raw data is supplied to the federal government by local law enforcement agencies. And while the report's authors pointed out the study includes the most accurate information available, they added its findings are "limited by the quantity and degree of detail in the information submitted."

Nearly 90% of Black Hoosiers who died by homicide in 2019 were killed with a firearm.

Sugarmann argued the best way to address the issue is by implementing a range of gun control policies. It might be a tough pitch in the GOP-controlled General Assembly, but such proposals could find traction in local communities across the state.

However, as Sugarmann acknowledged, local officials are not allowed to pass gun laws stricter than the state-level standards.

"Now, when you have virtually no state standards, that leaves those communities with no options to basically empower them to address the issues on a local level," Sugarmann stated. "I think that could be a very important first step in addressing this level of violence in Indiana."

The report is part of an ongoing series from the Violence Policy Center, examining Black homicide data both at the state and national level. Sugarmann noted the FBI recently changed its crime-reporting protocols, which could reduce the amount of available data for future reports and limit research into gun violence.