Aunque las festividades de fin de año son una de las épocas más felices, las personas con enfermedades mentales no lo ven de la misma manera.

Según la Asociación Estadounidense de Psiquiatría, el 31 % de los adultos dicen que esperan sentir más estrés en esta temporada de festividades en comparación con el año pasado. Esto podría conducir a sentimientos de depresión y ansiedad.

Los expertos encuentran que estar cerca de la familia durante las festividades puede presentar numerosos factores desencadenantes de un episodio psicológico.

La doctora Sharon McLennon-Wier, del Center for the Independence of the Disabled New York (Centro para la Independencia de los Discapacitados de Nueva York), describe cuáles podrían ser algunos factores desencadenantes.

"Algunos desencadenantes pueden ser demasiado alcohol, demasiado consumo de drogas durante las fiestas. Personas que dicen que no necesariamente tienen planes o no celebran, o dicen que les gusta estar solos durante las fiestas," explicó la entrevistada.

Señala que es importante preguntar si una persona no celebra las fiestas por motivos religiosos. McLennon-Wier agrega que las festividades también pueden ser un desencadenante para quienes padecen el Trastorno Afectivo Estacional, que según el Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental afecta a millones de estadounidenses.

Si bien la salud mental se ha vuelto menos estigmatizada en los últimos años, McLennon-Wier encuentra que hay muchas razones por las que las personas podrían no cuidar su salud, incluida la cultura, la falta de información general al respecto y la noción de que las personas son débiles si cuidan su salud mental.

"La gente necesita entender que muchas de nuestras emociones son indicativas de nuestro nivel de hormonas que controlan nuestro interacción y compromiso con las personas," añadió también McLennon-Wier.

Ella agrega que esto podría ser parte de un problema bioquímico que puede necesitar ser tratado con medicamentos. Según su experiencia, McLennon-Wier siente que las festividades hacen que las personas se cuestionen su autoestima o que no hayan alcanzado un logro profesional.

Otros desencadenantes que encuentra son los problemas financieros. Según una encuesta de 2021 realizada por la Asociación Estadounidense de Psiquiatría, pagar regalos en las fiestas fue una gran fuente de estrés para las personas.

Advocates for mental health in Maine say the stigma of suicide often prevents those most at risk from getting the help they need. The CDC reports despite a decline in suicide deaths for those younger than 25 last year, total suicide deaths increased to nearly 50,000.

Joyce Morrissette, clinical suicide-prevention specialist with NAMI Maine, said suicide is a preventable tragedy and that talking to someone in distress about suicide does not trigger them to act but, instead, starts a conversation.

"In order to have a public health approach to suicide, we need to be able to acknowledge it and talk openly about suicide," she said.

Morrissette added NAMI Maine offers professional training, which describes how to have those discussions. Prevention works, she said, if people are willing to learn.

All public school personnel in Maine are required to undergo suicide-prevention awareness training, and health-care professionals also learn the best way to approach their patients. Research shows nearly half the people who die by suicide interact with the health-care system in the month before their death. That provides a critical window in which to utilize the advice from professionals that can save lives, Morrissette said.

"It's important for people to receive training and increase their awareness so that they're able to respond in systems such as schools and health care as well as in communities," she explained.

Morrissette added it is also important to remember that help is always available at the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline or online at 988lifeline.org.

Data from last year show a growing percentage of Kentucky children and teens report struggling with depression or anxiety, largely driven by social media use. A new online toolkit from Mental Health America aims to provide information, tips and resources for young people, caregivers and school personnel on how to protect kids' mental health in a digital world.

Marcie Timmerman, Mental Health America Kentucky's executive director, said having resources to spot early warning signs can help families get off to a good start this school year, when many households are adjusting to new patterns and habits.

"I think one of the biggest early warning signs, especially related to social media use, is that they suddenly stop wanting to use it, or they are on it all the time," she explained. "There's an extreme change in their behavior and maybe their attitude as well toward the media platform."

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force now recommends screening for anxiety in children and adolescents ages 8 to 18 years, even if they are not showing recognized signs or symptoms of anxiety. Over the past decade, feelings of persistent sadness and hopelessness, along with suicidal thoughts and behaviors, increased by about 40% among young people, according to the CDC.

Hannah Hallen, a Kentucky college student and mental-health advocate, believes traditional approaches to mental health have not kept up with the needs of her generation.

"I feel like they are trying their best with potentially old resources or things that used to work," she said. "But with the changes in this generation that are so niche to this era, there are a lot of differences."

In addition to social media, more young people report feeling distressed about mass shootings, climate change, and the growing political divide.

In rural states such as North Dakota, accessing mental-health care can be extremely difficult. Federal officials say it's even worse when someone's benefits for such care are improperly denied.

They're ramping up enforcement under a law aimed to address the issue.

The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, in place since 2008, requires most health plans - offering coverage for behavioral health or substance use disorders - to not make those benefits more restrictive than those for standard medical care.

Lisa Gomez, assistant secretary for the Employee Benefits Security Administration, said their investigations have found that providers are still falling short in providing equal access.

"For example," said Gomez, "there were plans that were excluding coverage for nutritional counseling, if you were seeking that coverage for an eating disorder."

However, the plan in question was not restricting coverage for those seeking that type of counseling for help with a physical health issue such as diabetes.

In fiscal year 2022, Gomez's agency investigated nearly 150 plans and found almost two dozen violations.

An EBSA report suggests correcting these situations is significant because in some cases, hundreds of plan participants were affected by a single provision not in compliance.

Report authors say forcing the provider to make good on the claim can be a life-changer for those struggling with a mental-health issue.

Gomez said for underserved populations, such as rural areas, getting rid of obstacles helps that individual make their situation more manageable.

She added that the last they need is to have to wait for something like a co-pay error to be sorted out.

"We've seen what mental-health conditions and substance-use disorders can do to a person, to a family," said Gomez. "And so, it's really important that we try to use the tools that we have available to us and work together to try to address these issues."

Gomez acknowledged that while there is progress, it isn't moving fast enough to remove these specific coverage hurdles.

Various federal agencies are trying to finalize proposed rules that would strengthen provisions under the law.

Outside of benefits roadblocks, Kaiser Family Foundation data show that in North Dakota, only 19% of mental-health care patients' needs are being met due to provider shortages.




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