The economic value of uncompensated family caregiving in Wisconsin has increased by more than $2 billion, according to the latest report estimating how many hours family members are putting in without a lot of support.

AARP Wisconsin said the state's more than 500,000 family caregivers provided an estimated 540 million hours of unpaid care in 2021, worth roughly $9 billion, compared to 490 million hours worth just under $7 billion in the group's 2019 report.

Martha Cranley, state director of AARP Wisconsin, said placing a price tag on such care is important because of the financial pressure caregivers often encounter.

"We know about three-quarters of people who are family caregivers are actually also in the workforce," Cranley pointed out. "They're either cutting back on their hours or they are taking unpaid time. So, that generally puts people in more of a financial risk."

She added there are out-of-pocket expenses, too. The group is renewing calls for policy actions, including a special tax credit for unpaid family caregivers, and expanding the scope of paid leave opportunities.

Democratic Gov. Tony Evers has the ideas in his proposed budget, but Republicans, who control the Legislature, haven't been too receptive to the spending plan.

To the public, Cranley said it might be expected a person would provide care to an aging family member without asking for much in return. But she said with the numbers trending higher, there are concerns more individuals could end up in nursing homes or have extended hospital stays.

"Imagine that all of those folks had to go into a health care system that's already really struggling," Cranley emphasized. "Our health care workforce is undercompensated, and there's not enough of them already."

The State of Wisconsin does offer information about family caregiver support programs. Local specialists can guide caregivers on how to access training, financial planning and respite services, along with other resources.

A newly enacted law provides New York freelancers with labor protections.

The "Freelance Isn't Free Act" prevents companies from not paying freelancers. The law requires a contract between freelancers and clients for any work valued at $800 or more. It also requires clients to pay freelancers by the contract's due date or within 30 days of work completion if no date is specified.

Rafael Espinal, executive director of the Freelancers Union, said the law has been needed for a long time.

"We've found that freelancers, on average, lose about $6,000 a year because of nonpaying clients," Espinal reported. "We know, in a state like New York, $6,000 goes a long way in being able to keep up with the cost of living and being able to pay their bills like their rent, utilities, putting food on the table."

Freelancers have provided positive feedback on the law but it faced hurdles before passing in late 2023. Some companies expressed compliance concerns about larger businesses' interactions with freelancers. Gov. Kathy Hochul initially vetoed the bill. At first, enforcing the bill went to the Department of Labor but the passed version puts the responsibility on the Attorney General's office.

Before the bill passed, Espinal advised freelancers about how to make contracts bulletproof so they were guaranteed payment. Some steps involve stipulations ensuring payment at milestone periods of a job and net payment terms. Espinal noted the new law expands what is considered a written agreement to protect freelancers further.

"The law really captures all written agreements and considers them to be contracts," Espinal explained. "It could be anything as simple as a text message, outlining the work with the payment terms. It can be an email, it doesn't necessarily have to be a traditional contract on legal paper."

This bill was modeled after New York City's own "Freelance Isn't Free" law. Aside from New York, Kansas, Missouri and Los Angeles have similar protections for freelancers.

As the Biden-Harris Administration prepares to invest up to $175 billion in tax money into semiconductor manufacturing under the CHIPS Act, a new Institute for Policy Studies report warns guardrails are necessary to ensure that workers in Colorado and across the U.S. - who make tiny chips critical for electronic devices - are getting good jobs.

Report author Chris Rodrigo, the managing editor at the institute's Inequality.org website, said the U.S. Department of Commerce should add key worker protections - including good wages, safety from toxic chemicals, and the freedom to unionize - to all contracts before backing up the Brinks trucks.

"Commerce should require, or at least strongly encourage, companies to not try to disrupt any organizing activity going on," said Rodrigo. "Having unions at these companies is a good back stop to make sure there aren't too many violations of people's labor rights."

The report also recommends banning stock buy-backs and other executive perks - to make sure that more taxpayer dollars are invested in workers in the form of improved wages, training, and safety measures.

Despite pledges from companies in the 1990s to phase out dangerous chemicals, miscarriage and cancer rates remain high among the global semiconductor workforce.

The industry and the administration cite rapid growth as a sign of a smart economic policy. And in fact the companies claim there aren't enough qualified Americans willing to take on jobs created by the CHIPS Act.

But researchers found there was no deficit of credentialed workers. Rodrigo cited a recent survey showing that many are turning to other industries because of bad work environments.

"And over half of the workers interviewed said they were likely to leave their jobs within the next three to six months," said Rodrigo. "Companies should look inward and try to improve the quality of jobs before blaming it on external factors like workers not being available or not being interested in working in their industry."

Rodrigo said he believes setting a good precedent now by demanding high quality jobs could be transformative for future public investments across the economy.

"This is an opportunity," said Rodrigo, "for the federal government to set strong standards for what jobs look like when public money is being given to any industry."




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A new report highlights Pennsylvania's strong economic growth and recovery, making the state a favorable environment for job seekers.

The findings from the Keystone Research Center show job growth in the state has consistently kept pace with, or exceeded, national rates over the past three years - despite slow working-age population growth.

Economist and the center's Executive Director Stephen Herzenberg said wages for nearly all groups of workers are increasing when adjusted for inflation.

"Whether you're a low wage worker, whether you're in the middle, whether you're a woman or a person of color or even a blue collar worker," said Herzenberg, "all of those categories of workers have seen inflation adjusted wages go up in the last year, in the last four or five years, and in the last decade."

Pennsylvania's unemployment rate is holding steady at 3.4%.

Despite overall positive trends, Herzenberg said income inequality remains a concern - because the benefits of economic growth were so unevenly distributed between 1980 and 2015.

Herzenberg pointed out the economy's success can be attributed to effective policies implemented during and after the pandemic.

He added that large-scale federal relief and investment bills have played a crucial role in the recovery.

"We've had investments in infrastructure and climate and innovation," said Herzenberg. "Two of those three bills passed in a bipartisan way, one of them with just Democratic votes - and those federal investments have helped sustain economic growth."

Herzenberg said he believes the Biden administration has possibly been the most pro-worker and pro-union in White House history.

The report indicates that in 2023 alone, union membership in Pennsylvania jumped 30% in the broad private service sector - up 64,000 workers to a new total of 279,000.