While National Medal of Honor Month is ending, plans to develop a museum and monument for the award are continuing.

Numerous Medal of Honor recipients were in Washington, D.C., earlier this week to talk over ideas for a monument on the National Mall, and a museum, to be built in Arlington, Texas.

Britt Slabinski, a retired U.S. Navy SEAL, was awarded the medal in 2018 for his actions during a special mission in Afghanistan. He said he thinks the monument should convey a message that one person can make a difference in the lives of many.

"I just want it to communicate an idea that you're never out of the fight," Slabinski said. "Whatever fight that it is that you're in, no matter how challenging you think the situation is that you're facing, you always have options. You always have choices, and you can choose your attitude in any given situation."

When Slabinski found out he was going to receive the Medal of Honor, he said he feels it should embody a sense of camaraderie among soldiers in combat, instead of highlighting one individual for their service. While sites for the monument are still being narrowed down, the museum is slated to open late next year.

Since its inception 160 years ago, more than 3,500 people have been awarded the National Medal of Honor. Chris Cassidy, who heads the Medal of Honor Museum and Foundation, said the project is designed not only to inspire Americans, but also unite them.

"There's lots of stuff right now that divides people," Cassidy said. "There's very few things that bring people together. And this project is something that unites people. That's why we're so proud to be part of it."

He added that the museum will focus on normal Americans who did something extraordinary when the nation needed them. Cassidy said he hopes visitors will be inspired by their stories to be a little more courageous in their own lives.


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A new report found factors like geography play a role in assessing Latino wealth gaps in the U.S.

The findings are from the Brookings Institution, which said there are regional differences between Latino wealth, assets, and debt.

Elvis Rivera, a member of the group Communities Organizing Latino Power and Action, has helped lead financial literacy classes in the Twin Cities. The group's Workers Center also assists with job training and resume building.

Echoing the report, he said there is nuance in helping Latinos overcome wealth barriers, noting there are often multiple generations in a household. He argued younger family members deserve prosperity, too, and it should not be assumed they are limited to low-wage jobs.

"We desire dignity, we desire power," Rivera pointed out. "And we desire to be catered to as it relates to laws, policies and resources, so that we can thrive also."

The Brookings report looked at six states, not including Minnesota. An example showed Illinois has the smallest Latino wealth gap, while it is substantially larger in New York. A separate state summary revealed southwest Minnesota has the highest concentration of Latino residents. It is an area where food manufacturing jobs are prominent, underscoring calls from advocates to create more opportunities.

Whether it is a food processing plant or a construction site, Rivera noted they are also having to respond to an environment where many Latino workers are still being taken advantage of.

"For example, wage theft is something that we're heavily working on addressing," Rivera explained. "Because we tend to see that a lot of folks that are brand new to the state may encounter job insecurity, exploitation."

The group's efforts coincide with recently adopted wage-theft laws in Minnesota.

Rivera, who has a background in finance, said he had to overcome misconceptions about his own ceiling as a working professional. He feels those beliefs still exist among employers and financial institutions. He stressed more culturally appropriate marketing and engagement efforts as Latinos try to build new lives here.

While many Wyomingites of Hispanic descent came from Mexico, there is a lesser-known population from the old Spanish settlements of northern New Mexico who made significant contributions to the state's cultural heritage and economic growth.

Trisha Martinez, assistant professor of Latino studies at the University of Wyoming, has been documenting oral histories of families who came to the Cowboy State along the Manito Trail, a corridor now occupied by Interstate 25. She said most came to work and support their families.

"In Northern New Mexico, the reality was really hard in terms of socio-economic conditions," Martinez explained. "And so, migrating outside of the state was a necessity for survival."

Workers from New Mexico and southern Colorado were recruited to work on the railroad, in the sugar beet industry, and as sheepherders in the early twentieth century, and now have permanent communities in the state going back several generations.

Most sheepherders in the Sierra Madres of southern Wyoming traveled along the Manito Trail, and many made long-lasting impressions on Aspen trees.

Amanda Castañeda, state coordinator for the Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office, said arborglyphs were created with sharp tools carving thin lines, which would expand as the trees grew. Many were straightforward, featuring family names or dates.

"You're also seeing some really beautiful drawings," Castañeda observed. "A lot of religious imagery, glamorous women with 40s and 50s style haircuts. So, you can come across some pretty striking artistic accomplishments in the forest."

Workers and their families settled in segregated Laramie's west side, the south side of Cheyenne, the south park barrio of Riverton, and the south side of Rawlins, where residents still maintain traditions from their home region.

Martinez added many of her students are surprised to learn their direct ancestors traveled the Manito Trail.

"They go home and they ask questions, they call their grandparents to learn more," Martinez noted. "When students explore their communities and histories, they affirm their connection to ancestral knowledge and life-producing energies."


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National Hispanic Heritage Month starts this Friday, and runs through Oct. 15. Dozens of events are planned up and down the Golden State to honor California's more than 15 million Hispanic residents, who make up more than 40% of the population.

Adriana Mendoza, associate director for advocacy and community engagement for AARP California, said her organization is hosting a series of online events, including two cooking demonstrations, a telephone town hall on family caregiving, and a webinar on adding a casita or "granny flat" to your property.

"AARP is celebrating the lively energy, the cultural pride and contributions of Latinos to our country. Our celebration centers around the tagline of 'Somos,' which translates to, 'We are' - we are the biggest force in an even bigger country," Mendoza explained.

Hispanic Heritage Month is celebrated from mid-September to mid-October because Sept. 15 is the anniversary of independence for Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Mexico and Chile celebrate their independence days on Sept. 16 and 18, respectively.

Mendoza said AARP has also produced a video series celebrating four Hispanic and Latino Californians who have made big differences in education and public service.

"These are the four stories that we've selected to highlight, honoring folks who are not always recognized, not always known - but they're making these amazing contributions just right here in our backyard," she continued.

More information is on the AARP California website.

In addition, many cities, universities, and colleges are holding Hispanic Heritage Month events. Several are listed on the website LatinBayArea.com, and there is a gala at the Museum of Latin American Art in Long Beach.


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