The population is made up of fewer children - in Pennsylvania and across the United States, according to the latest analysis of census data.

The Annie E. Casey Foundation report said Pennsylvania is one of six states that appears to have lost more than 100,000 children between 2010 and 2020. This shrinks the state's child population by 4%.

Study co-author Bill O'Hare, a demographer for the Casey Foundation, said children made up 22% of the U.S. population in 2020, and it's gone down even more steeply since then. In future years, O'Hare said, this could mean implications for the labor force.

"Entry-level workers are going to be going down, they haven't gone down much since, but they will be over the next 10 years, as older children are replaced by smaller birth cohorts," he said. "As the number of entry-level workers go down, it's going to be harder for employers to find the kind of people they need for jobs."

He added that it's important to make sure every child gets the kind of education, training and opportunities for the types of jobs employers are looking to fill. The 2020 Census counted more than 73 million children nationwide, but that's 1.1 million fewer kids than in the 2010 Census.

O'Hare noted that data show the number of non-Hispanic white children has decreased since 2010, while the populations of children of color has increased. He said that could signal a need for greater investment in these demographic groups that, historically, have faced some educational challenges.

"Particularly Hispanics and Asians and children of two or more races, those groups have been increasing," he said, "and those groups in the past have not always done as well, education-wise as the majority populations."

O'Hare added that with fewer children being born, more money could be spent on each child's education - although fewer kids could signal less support for schools. He pointed out that as the numbers of households and adult voters without children increase, they may be less supportive of public education.

In eastern Kentucky, advocacy groups are expanding summer learning opportunities for families.

Isolation and learning loss plague many rural Kentucky kids once school lets out, and research shows children can lose up to 34% of what they learned during the prior school year during the summer.

Alissa Taylor, Kentucky state director of children's safety programs for Save the Children, said transportation is one of several barriers for rural kids.

"They don't have access to the resources, public services, and exposure to the arts, those type of things that other kids are getting during the summer," Taylor pointed out. "We know that sparks creativity, it encourages continued learning throughout the summer."

According to a 2019 Center for American Progress survey, 3 of 4 parents said they have had at least some difficulty finding child care during the summer.

Taylor noted Save the Children is offering around 60 summer opportunities in 19 eastern Kentucky counties, including full-day, four- to six-week camps for elementary-aged children.

"There's either bus transportation, or a gas-voucher program that's offered for families to get their kids to the camp," Taylor emphasized. "They're provided two meals a day. They're having fun, we know that they're learning while they're having fun, and they want to keep coming back."

She added the feedback from families has been positive, including one mother who said the summer programs allowed her to keep earning a paycheck during the summer.

"We know that jobs are really hard to come by," Taylor acknowledged. "The summer camp and her kid having something to do was an excellent way for those kids to continue learning and for her to stay employed."

More than half of survey respondents said costs for child care during the summer are a significant challenge.

Groups fighting for children's health are asking Gov. Gavin Newsom and lawmakers to require insurance companies to cover hearing aids and related services for kids.

Advocates want to see language in the budget trailer bill which would mandate the coverage.

Michelle Marciniak, co-chair and co-founder of the nonprofit Let California Kids Hear and the mother of a child with hearing loss, noted hearing aids can cost about $6,000 a pair and they need to be replaced every 3 or 4 years.

"Parents are making difficult financial decisions," Marciniak pointed out. "They're hosting fundraisers, GoFundMe pages, they're putting it on their credit cards. And some are forgoing them altogether. And it really doesn't need to be this way."

Opponents of a mandate argued it would raise costs for insurance companies, who will pass it on to consumers. In 2019, a bill to mandate hearing aid coverage for children - Assembly Bill 598 - passed both chambers in the state Legislature - but was shelved in favor of the current state-run program called Hearing Aid Coverage for Children. That program costs more than $16 million dollars a year but currently serves only 200 out of about 8-thousand eligible children. Experts say it's a flop because so few audiologists participate in the program - and that is blamed on low reimbursement rates for providers, administrative red tape, and overburdened clinics.

In 2019, a bill to mandate hearing aid coverage for children, Assembly Bill 598, passed both chambers in the state Legislature but was shelved in favor of the current state-run program called Hearing Aid Coverage for Children. The program costs more than $16 million dollars a year but currently serves only 200 out of about 8,000 eligible children. Experts said it has been a flop because so few audiologists participate in the program, which is blamed on low reimbursement rates for providers, administrative red tape, and overburdened clinics.

Marciniak acknowledged California does a great job at screening children for hearing loss, but does a terrible job at making intervention affordable.

"Now, over 30 states have recognized that this is a developmental emergency for children, and they have acted on it by requiring health plans to cover pediatric hearing aids," Marciniak emphasized. " And we believe this is the best, most efficient delivery system that's connected to a child's medical home."

Just one in 10 children has hearing aids covered by a private insurance plan in California. Experts estimate 1,000 deaf or hard-of-hearing kids are born in the state each year. Lawmakers and the governor have until June 15 to finalize the budget.

Utah Gov. Spencer Cox joined the Children's Collaborative for Healing and Support last week to announce a pilot program in the state designed to support grieving children and connect them to services.

According to the Children's Collaborative, there are more than 60,000 young people in Utah who have experienced the death of a parent or caregiver. The pilot's purpose is to help kids get the help they need.

Gov. Cox noted in Utah, one in 15 children will experience the death of a parent or sibling before they reach the age of 18. He said family's shouldn't suffer alone.

"We have the resources already available and we need to use them," Cox urged. "Not only do children suffer the emotional pain of losing a caregiver, they often experience trauma and when not provided support they have long-term consequences like low self-esteem, depression and poor performance in school."

Gov. Cox added it is important to remember losing a parent can also mean sudden financial and housing insecurities, which leave some youth homeless. According to the Children's Collaborative, the Utah pilot program will lay the groundwork for it to be implemented in other communities nationwide.

According to the group, the program will use both a "school based identifying strategy and a data matching system using public records on a state level," to offer assistance.

Rich Nye, superintendent of the Granite School District, said tragedies, like losing a loved one, have an immediate impact on how well children preform in school and the type of education they receive. Nye considers partnerships like the Children's Collaborative as a "key to unlocking the full potential," of communities.

"Because it is partnerships like these that reach down within the community, at the individual level," Nye emphasized. "Schools are uniquely positioned, given our role as hubs in the community, of connecting children and their families to these resources."

The Children's Collaborative for Healing and Support was created by the COVID collaborative. The pandemic took more than 1.1 million American lives and the group eventually discovered 340,000 children lost a parent or caregiver to COVID-19.


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