School is back and one way parents can set their kids up for success is ensuring screen time is not getting in the way of sleep.

Dr. Maida Chen, professor of pediatrics at the University of Washington School of Medicine, said there is a strong connection between sleep and mental health, and they affect each other in a circular way, which Chen pointed out screens can exacerbate.

"The screens sort of work in both directions so that if you have underlying mental health issues, screens will worsen sleep," Chen explained. "If you have sleep issues, it'll worsen sleep issues to the point of, perhaps, further triggering the development of mental health issues."

Chen noted it's not just the screens themselves affecting sleep. The content, especially on social media, can be activating. It can trigger anxiety, for instance, which makes it hard to sleep. Mental health is a major issue for youth. A study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found 42% of high school students felt persistently sad or hopeless in 2021.

Chen believes social media heightened social isolation during the pandemic, leading to greater mental health and sleep challenges for young people. But she also emphasized adults have to model the behavior they want to see in their children.

"It makes no sense for us to be chastising our teens for being on their phones and on social media when they turn around and that is all they see the adults in their world doing," Chen contended.

To help with the issue, Chen added families do not have to change their habits all at once. She suggested having screen-free time about 30 minutes before bed, when families can instead spend time together. If media is involved, Chen advised families should watch something together.


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This is National Suicide Prevention Week, part of National Suicide Prevention Month, a time to raise awareness of the problem, and ways to prevent it. The California Parent and Youth Helpline reports a dramatic increase in calls about suicide - making up about 60% of the calls, texts and live chats received since May of last year.

Dr. Lisa Pion-Berlin, president and CEO of Parents Anonymous Inc., runs the helpline.

"In 2022, we had the highest rate of suicide ever, 49,449 deaths," she said. "So, that doesn't include the fact that 12 million adults in 2021 thought about suicide. And 3.5 million people made a plan, and 1.7 million attempted it."

She added that suicide deaths increased in 2021 and 2022, whereas they had been going down in prior years. Statistics show that 20% of children and adults in America suffer from some kind of serious mental health condition. Trained counselors are online at 'CAParentYouthHelpline.org'.

Pion-Berlin added it is crucial to take people seriously if they mention suicidal thoughts.

"It is very important if anybody mentions any thoughts they have - or a plan, or any concerns they have about suicide - that you take them seriously," she implored. "Don't brush them off."

Data show that youth of color living in rural areas are the fastest-growing category of people attempting suicide, and completing those attempts.

Recently approved legislation provides funding for barriers on the Penobscot Narrows Bridge - a scenic but unfortunate hot spot for suicide attempts. The bridge currently has posted signs and phones, which connect those in distress with a crisis clinician, but mental health advocates say it's not enough.

Greg Marley, senior clinical director of suicide prevention for the Maine chapter of the National Alliance on Mental Health, said the barriers are needed to help buy time.

"Time for that crisis to pass. Time for them to reconnect to help, to hope," he said. "Time to resolve that issue."

Marley said the barriers save lives. The Memorial Bridge in Augusta was the site of 14 suicides before a fence was erected to prevent people from jumping, and there have been no suicides on the bridge since.

The Maine Department of Transportation is currently building the new barriers on its own as there are no engineering standards for bridge design that consider suicide prevention. That's something Marley said he'd like to see change so it doesn't take legislative action to ensure the bridges are safe for people considering suicide.

"It doesn't mean that the suicides by other means in that region go up," he said, "but it does stop people from focusing on that one site about how they might end their pain."

Marley said anyone who needs to connect with a crisis clinician should dial 988. He recommended that people share their concerns with their primary-care provider, a trusted friend or pastor - anyone, he said, to break the isolation of suicidal thoughts.

What began as a conversation between Indianapolis community leaders about public health and criminal-justice reform in 2021 has led to formation of a new team to address the needs of people with mental-health issues.

The Clinician-Led Community Response Team, which has been responding to calls since July, is made up of professionals trained in mental-health crisis intervention and disengagement techniques without law enforcement involvement.

CLCR team director Andrea Brown, with the Stepping Stones Therapy Center, said they're available to meet people in the community "where they are," and offer support in a safe environment.

"As long as there's no threat of violence, our clinicians will respond to the call," she said, "and we basically just assist with getting individuals' immediate needs met, such as connecting them to food, housing and employment resources."

The CLCR Team is a response, in part, to community pressure. Public criticism was swift after three Indianapolis police officers handcuffed and tased Herman Whitfield III last year during a mental-health episode. The death was ruled a homicide and the officers have been criminally charged.

According to federal data, the most common forms of mental illness are schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. A study almost a decade ago by the Treatment Advocacy Center found that people with untreated mental illness were 16 times more likely to lose their lives during a police encounter than others who are approached or stopped by law enforcement.

Brown said the goal is to sidestep those deadly consequences with longer-term solutions.

"We'll ensure that there's a warm handoff and that they understand the needs of the client," she said, "so that we connect them to the appropriate resources - and not just drop them off somewhere and say, 'Take care.'"

The CLCR Team is currently working overnight, between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. daily, but future plans are to make services available around the clock. Anyone who needs help can call 911. Brown said the team communicates regularly with the resource referrals to make sure the people they assist are getting their ongoing needs met.


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