By Lauren Cohen / Broadcast version by Farah Siddiqi reporting for the Kent State NewsLab-Ohio News Connection Collaboration.

S.B. 109, a bill that would provide free breakfast and lunch to public and chartered nonpublic Ohio school students, currently sits in the Senate's Finance Committee amid the state budget process.

If included in the budget, due July 1, $300 million would be allocated to the program. Ohio Sen. Kent Smith (D-Euclid), who co-sponsors the bill, said feedback has been positive, but this bill is fairly expensive.

"Every one of these kids has just great potential, and we should be investing in them," Smith said. "Giving all Ohio public school kids a free, healthy, nutritious breakfast and lunch is going to help - it's going to put money back in mom and dad's pockets."

Free school meals became widespread during COVID-19

Household food insecurity affected 17.9% of U.S. households with children in 2023, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Also in 2023, 7.2 million children lived in households where children and adults were food insecure.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a March 2020 federal waiver allowed all schools to offer free meals to students regardless of income.

Nick Bates, director of Hunger Network in Ohio, a faith-based network of advocates, said universal school meals during the pandemic "helped kids have a sense of stability during a chaotic time. It helped kids be more focused in class, and it improved the classroom dynamic for kids to be able to learn."

Scott DiMauro, president of the Ohio Education Association, also said he felt the program had great results.

"I think we did have some reversion when students who had been given access to school meals no longer had that," he said. "I think there are concerns that then we're back to where we were before, where you had more kids who were showing up to school hungry and therefore not able to focus as much on their learning."

Many states extended the program after the COVID-19 waiver was rescinded in 2022. Today, eight have implemented free and healthy school meal programs, and there are active campaigns to do so in 13 states.

In the last Ohio general assembly, eligibility for reduced-price meals was increased up to 185% of the federal poverty level, which made more students qualify.

During the summer of 2024, the Summer Electronic Benefits Transfer was implemented through the U.S. Department of Agriculture to give families $120 per student to buy groceries during the summer. The program is still ongoing, although the Trump administration continues to cut funding to federal programs.

"Sometimes things are done in steps, but as long as we are constantly striving to answer that question, 'how can we make sure everybody is fed?' - that is the direction we need to be going in," Bates said.

Free meals easier for students and administrators, advocates say

Some districts, like Akron Public Schools, operate under the Community Eligibility Provision, a U.S. Department of Agriculture free meal service option for schools and school districts in low-income areas.

Laura Kepler, coordinator of child nutrition for Akron Public Schools and a registered dietitian, said her district's free meals program has been in place since 2012.

"No student needs to worry about a forgotten packed lunch or not having money for lunch," Kepler said. "It's accessible to all students equally, so there's no discrimination of students that would not anyway be required to pay for lunch."

She said it removes administrative burdens as well, like having to collect meal applications and income information annually.

With a quick process because students don't have to fumble with money, she said it also leads to "less stress, especially, as you know, in the middle school and high schools, where people become aware of who has money and maybe who doesn't, or different poverty statuses."

DiMauro said the bill would remove social issues students may face around mealtimes.

"One of the things that this does is it takes away the stigma that is often attached with being labeled as someone who's eligible for free or reduced price meals," he said. "[It] just makes it a whole lot easier for schools to administer school meal programs."

He said that because students spend more of their waking time in school than anywhere else, other than home, this bill is important to meet their needs.

Bates said when students are fed, they're more likely to focus.

"When you walk into one of these committee hearing rooms and look at all the legislators around 11:30, 12:00, 12:30, and they haven't had their lunch yet, you start to see their eyes drooping and their focus begins to sway away from the testimony in front of them," he said. "It's the same with our kids ... kids, if they're hungry, aren't focused on the material in front of them."

Implementation depends on budget concerns

Smith said he has been doing whatever he can to find bipartisan approaches to this goal. The bill's co-sponsor is Republican Sen. Louis Blessing (R-Colerain Township), who was not available for comment.

There are federal dollars available to pay for some of these meals, Smith said, and state money would cover the rest of the cost. But, he said there are concerns about whether the bill will end up in the state's budget.

DiMauro said he feels the bill requires a relatively modest ask compared to some of the other proposed budget items.

"The legislature right now is considering providing a $600 million-plus subsidy for the Cleveland Browns to build a new stadium - this is half that cost," he said.

For families, struggling to manage the costs of paying for school lunches, electric bills, rent and extra emergencies is "kind of a house of cards," Bates said. He likened free meals to school buses, which make school days easier for parents and kids alike.

"We often will fund school transportation because we recognize that school buses need to be fueled up to be able to get kids from their home to their school building," he said. "It should also be a necessity that kids are fueled up and they are ready to learn as well."

DiMauro said the bill, by itself, wouldn't solve all problems. He suggested combining universal school meals with after-school, summer and weekend programming where students can take meals home with them.

"Every one of those pieces is an essential part of the puzzle," he said. "So it doesn't solve the entire issue of childhood hunger by itself, but it goes a long way."


This collaboration is produced in association with Media in the Public Interest and funded in part by the George Gund Foundation.


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Congress is considering a bill which would for the first time create a nationalized school voucher program, redirecting billions in federal funding from public schools toward private schools.

Kentucky educators said it would hurt counties across the Commonwealth, where 90% of kids, around 650,000, attend a public school.

Last November, Kentuckians weighed in on a ballot measure, Amendment 2, which would have allowed the legislature to spend taxpayer money on private institutions.

Eddie Campbell, president of the Kentucky Education Association, said the measure was soundly defeated.

"It lost," Campbell recounted. "It was voted down in every single county, every single community across the Commonwealth."

The Educational Choice for Children Act would funnel $10 billion per year to states in tax credits for school vouchers. According to the Kentucky Center for Economic Policy, expanding vouchers will affect the state's poorest rural areas the hardest.

Campbell added many Kentucky school districts receive 20% to 30% of their money from federal sources, noting the legislation also proposes slashing programs relying on federal dollars.

"All of those cuts means that those dollars have to be either made up or programs or staffing will have to be adjusted to fill the gap from those cuts," Campbell pointed out.

He stressed communities need support providing meals, transportation and universal pre-K to students.

"Making sure that our tax dollars are going or staying invested in our public schools and our local public schools that serve those students every single day without, without question," Campbell urged.

Last week Gov. Andy Beshear signed an executive order creating the Team Kentucky pre-K for All Advisory Committee, made up of more than two dozen lawmakers, parents and community leaders from across the Commonwealth.


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By Marilyn Odendahl for The Indiana Citizen.
Broadcast version by Joe Ulery for Indiana News Service reporting for the Indiana Citizen-Free Press Indiana-Public News Service Collaboration.

From the start of his career as an engineer and now as an environmental health and safety manager, Lindley Jarrett of Lafayette has become fascinated at the critical role the law plays in fostering sustainable industrial development, safeguarding human health and promoting environmental protection.

He pursued his interest by enrolling in what is now Purdue Global Law School and juggled a young family with a demanding career while grinding through his legal studies. However, when he successfully completed his coursework in 2013, his law degree gathered dust.

Because it is solely an online institute, Purdue Global Law School is not accredited by the American Bar Association, so Jarrett could not obtain a license to practice law in the Hoosier state since Indiana allowed only graduates of ABA-accredited law schools to sit for the state’s bar exam. That changed in 2024, when the Indiana Supreme Court amended the attorney admission rules to give non-ABA-accredited law school graduates the opportunity to take the test.

On May 20, Jarrett was able to blow the dust off his Juris Doctor degree and start making plans to practice law, when he and four other Purdue Global graduates raised their right hands and took the oath of Indiana attorneys. The five had made Indiana legal history by being the first Purdue Global graduates to receive a waiver and pass that bar exam administered in February.

After the admission ceremony, Jarrett was beaming.

“This is a dream finally come true,” Jarrett said. “I’ve worked very hard and just to celebrate this moment, to see it actually happen, I just can’t describe it. It’s a wonderful feeling.”

Purdue Global Law School traces its roots to 1998, when Concord University School of Law went live online. The completely virtual educational institution eventually merged with Kaplan University, and then, through another acquisition, became part of the Boilermaker family. In 2023, the name was changed from Concord Law School at Purdue University Global to Purdue Global Law School.

Dean Martin Pritikin, an expert in online education and champion of distance learning, has shepherded the online law school from its earliest days. He helped design the school so working adults could study for a J.D. while also managing a job and family responsibilities and he developed the curriculum to match that of any brick-and-mortar law school with classes in contracts, torts, civil procedure, and legal writing, along with the range of courses focused on criminal, constitutional, family and business law.

“It’s a very conscious effort to offer the same things that you can get at a traditional school with externship and extracurriculars and student organizations, because that is our mission,” Pritikin said. “Our mission is to prove that you can go online for a third of the cost and do it just as well, if not better, as in-person law schools.”

Getting access to the bar exam

Pritikin led the effort to get Indiana to open the law licensure test to Purdue Global law graduates. In 2022, the Indiana Supreme Court formed the Purdue University Global Concord Law School Working Group to examine Pritikin’s proposal to amend the admission rules and allow graduates of non-ABA accredited, Indiana-based law schools approved by another accrediting agency to sit for the state’s bar exam.

Purdue Global University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, according to the school’s website. Purdue Global Law School is accredited by the Committee of Bar Examiners of the State Bar of California.

The working group could not reach a consensus, instead submitting a final report that listed the pros and cons of such a rule change. In February 2024, about a year after the report was finished, the Supreme Court amended the Admission and Discipline Rule 13 to enable graduates of law schools not approved by the ABA to apply for a waiver to take the Indiana bar.

Purdue Global’s push for access to the bar exam stirred opposition within the legal community. The Indiana State Bar Association recommended against allowing the online law school’s graduates to sit for the test and initially opposed the rule change. In particular, the ISBA was concerned that the state could not ensure that individuals taking the law licensure exam had received a high-quality legal education if the door was opened to non-ABA-accredited law schools.

The 100% passage rate of Purdue Global Law School’s graduates on the February exam impacted more than Jarrett and his classmates. It raised the pass rate of the first-time bar exam takers by four percentage points from 59% to 63%.

“The Indiana Supreme Court, they stuck their necks out a little bit to change their rules and not everybody was happy about it,” Pritikin said. “Thankfully, this vindicated them that it was the right move. People will say, “Oh, well, it was only five.’ But it’s a difficult bar. It doesn’t matter. It’s a 100% passage rate.”

Joud Elias, a Purdue Global law graduate who also conquered the February bar, is not concerned that anyone will question his abilities as a lawyer because he studied at an online law school. He said the perfect passing rate of the Purdue Global five is a “testament to what we have done,” plus his personal bar score places him among the elite of all those across the country who took a bar exam in February.

“A lot of people fail that bar, basically, and not a lot of people are able to pass it on the first time,” Elias said. “I was able to not only pass it from the first time but also able to score at the top 6%, which is not something that everybody can do.”

Addressing the access-to-justice problem

Like Jarrett, Elias, an engineer at General Motors in Michigan, became interested in the law through his job. He saw he could parlay his engineering skills into building a practice as a patent attorney. Already he is using his legal knowledge working on government contracts for his employer and is preparing to take the federal patent bar exam.

“No law school is easy, working throughout the day, studying throughout the night,” Elias said. “Purdue allowed me to do it (study for a J.D.) because most of the classes are online. You don’t have to do in-person. … Plus, if you are not able to attend the class, you can still see the recorded video of it and still be able to interact and submit your assignments.”

 That convenience was a key to Pritikin’s pitch to the Indiana Supreme Court. Hoosiers who do not live close to one of the state’s three ABA-accredited law schools – Indiana University Maurer School of Law in Bloomington, Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in Indianapolis and Notre Dame Law School in South Bend – can still study for a law degree without having to move or regularly drive exceptionally long distances.

Pritikin asserts Purdue Global law graduates could help address Indiana’s access-to-justice problem particularly in rural communities.

Indiana has been struggling with a lawyer shortage, causing many county prosecutor and public defender offices to strain to fill positions as well as forcing many private firms to scramble to recruit and retain attorneys. According to a 2020 study by the American Bar Association, Indiana has among the worst legal representation ratios with just 2.3 lawyers per 1,000 residents, compared to the national average of 4 attorneys per 1,000 people.

The Indiana Supreme Court has created the Commission on Indiana’s Legal Future to explore options for addressing the state’s attorney shortage and present recommendations to bolster the ranks of lawyers. Releasing an interim report in July 2024, the commission is scheduled to submit the final report, detailing its findings and suggestions, on July 1.

Pritikin noted 22% of Indiana’s population lives in a county that has been designated by the ABA as a “legal desert,” because so few lawyers are available to provide legal help or representation. Only 8% of the state’s population of attorneys lives in those counties, but, he said, Purdue Global has been growing its roster of Indiana students since the new licensure opportunity was created, enrolling 11 in August 2024, 20 in January of this year and 31 in May, so now 17% of its current students are living and studying in one of those “legal deserts.”

“Different states have tried a lot of different things to get more lawyers into rural and underserved areas,” Pritikin said. “The main reason why I’m the dean of an online law school is because I firmly believe that the best way to get more lawyers in underserved areas is to make it easier for people who already live in those areas to stay there while they go to law school, so they can stay there after they graduate and serve people there.”

Purdue Global Law School graduate Abigail Strehle, a nurse practitioner in Greenwood, let her two children miss a day of school, so they could attend the bar admission ceremony. Although she does not live in a remote community, she still chose to study for her law degree online, because she did not want to disrupt her life any more than necessary.

“I wasn’t going to sacrifice for years with them,” Strehle said of her family. “I still have bills to pay. I couldn’t quit my job. I needed to find a way that I could do both.”

Strehle finished her law degree in August 2023 and then, because California opened its bar exam to Purdue Global graduates a few years ago, she traveled to the West Coast, passed that exam and got a law license. When the opportunity came to sit for the Indiana bar exam, she successfully petitioned for a waiver and took that test in February.

Just as Jarrett and Elias are fusing their previous education and skills with their new law degrees, degrees, Strehle is combining her medical knowledge and legal training to develop a disability law practice. With the Indiana law license, she said, she will be able to more fully serve her clients by being able to help them craft a will or get a guardianship.

However, before she started building her legal career, Strehle took time to enjoy the admission ceremony with her family.

“I found out I passed the Indiana bar on, I think, a Wednesday. We got an email in the afternoon,” Strehle said. “So when I opened it, I was able to text and call some people, but the first person that I told in person was my son, who’s in seventh grade. He came home from school and I told him and he just threw his arms around me and (said), ‘I’m so proud of you.’”


Marilyn Odendahl wrote this article for The Indiana Citizen.


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Indiana's move to cut low-enrollment college degree programs may collide with many adults who say they want more access to affordable higher education. A new Gallup-Lumina Foundation report shows nearly 90% of adults without degrees believe a college credential has value. But far fewer believe they can get one.

Courtney Brown, vice president at Indianapolis-based nonprofit Lumina Foundation, said that disconnect is key.

"They want it," she declared. "They know it will help with them. But they don't actually believe the system can deliver it or that they have access to the system."

The report comes as Indiana prepares to enforce new quotas that could eliminate more than half of the state's bachelor's programs. Colleges must meet minimum graduation numbers or risk losing entire degree tracks. Critics say that could disproportionately affect regional campuses, often the most accessible option for working adults and rural students.

Meanwhile, mental health remains another major challenge. Nearly one in three enrolled students has considered dropping out due to emotional stress, and Brown added that higher ed leaders can't ignore the warning signs.

"This is a crisis that we have in the United States right now with mental health," she continued. "It's one of the most important things that institutions can do right now is really support their students where they are."

The Commission for Higher Education will decide which programs stay or go by July 1.