As the opioid epidemic continues to take its toll, a Virginia group is working to keep people safe.

The Virginia Harm Reduction Coalition in Roanoke has been working to provide residents in Virginia with training on how to use Narcan, a drug which slows and can reverse opioid overdose.

Data from the Commonwealth Fund show opioid deaths declined between 2021 and 2022, but are still above pre-pandemic levels.

Danny Clawson, executive director of the group, said new drugs on the street like xylazine can be difficult to tackle.

"The issue with xylazine is that it does not respond to the overdose reversal drug Narcan because it's not an opioid," Clawson explained. "Fentanyl and carfentanil are and all these other things that people talk about, those are opioids and Narcan works on the opioid receptor."

While the coalition is still developing a protocol for people overdosing on xylazine, they're advising volunteers to ensure the person is able to get oxygen. In April, the White House's Office of National Drug Control Policy declared fentanyl mixed with xylazine an emerging threat in the U.S.

Outside the drug landscape, Clawson noted there are other challenges for the people her group serves. Two of the biggest issues are a lack of housing and inadequate access to mental health care services.

"The vast majority of our participants that are using substances, illegal substances, are self-medicating," Clawson pointed out. "They have complex mental health needs, and it's just so hard to access stable, affordable mental health care that we aren't able to connect them to the services they need."

She added there is not enough support for them to be able to get on the right medication, which needs to be supervised by a clinician.

Gov. Glenn Youngkin's mental health plan aims to develop mobile treatment and crisis response services. Additional funding will be invested to reduce barriers to recovery and reentry for people dealing with fentanyl overdoses.

This week, Gov. Jim Justice announced five new appointments to the West Virginia First Foundation, the private foundation responsible for the statewide distribution of opioid settlement funds.

Advocates are calling for the money to be used for medication for addiction treatment and harm reduction services - such as needle exchanges, naloxone, and overdose prevention centers.

Mary Newlyn, executive director of the West Virginia Hope in Action Alliance, said expanding housing and wraparound support services for people who use drugs and people with drug-related convictions, would help stabilize communities and families.

She pointed out most substance-use disorder funding is not funneled toward those types of supports.

"Once a person has reached a state of sobriety, they need community support and access to the healthy coping techniques they obtained during treatment," Newlyn explained. "These communities are built in transitional and recovery housing."

According to the Office of Drug Control Policy there were at least 1,300 drug overdose deaths in West Virginia in 2020, a 51% increase compared to 2019. This year, there have been more than 5,000 reported EMS responses for suspected overdoses.

Tricia Christensen, director of policy for the nonprofit Community Education Group, said states should be thinking creatively about how to best use the funding to help stem the tide of substance abuse. She pointed to mental health resources, youth prevention programs and community programs focused on forging a life in recovery.

"How do we invest in our communities to really think about opportunities for kids as they're growing older?" Christensen asked. "Opportunities for those kids' parents now, right? Because we know that this is a generational issue."

The Mountain State has received an estimated $847 million from lawsuit payouts involving major pharmacy chains, drug manufacturers, drug distributors, and pharmaceutical consulting firms.This week, Gov. Jim Justice announced five new appointments to the West Virginia First Foundation, the private foundation responsible for the statewide distribution of opioid settlement funds.

Advocates are calling for the money to be used for medication for addiction treatment and harm reduction services - such as needle exchanges, naloxone, and overdose prevention centers.

Mary Newlyn, executive director of the West Virginia Hope in Action Alliance, said expanding housing and wraparound support services for people who use drugs and people with drug-related convictions, would help stabilize communities and families.

She pointed out most substance-use disorder funding is not funneled toward those types of supports.

"Once a person has reached a state of sobriety, they need community support and access to the healthy coping techniques they obtained during treatment," Newlyn explained. "These communities are built in transitional and recovery housing."

According to the Office of Drug Control Policy there were at least 1,300 drug overdose deaths in West Virginia in 2020, a 51% increase compared to 2019. This year, there have been more than 5,000 reported EMS responses for suspected overdoses.

Tricia Christensen, director of policy for the nonprofit Community Education Group, said states should be thinking creatively about how to best use the funding to help stem the tide of substance abuse. She pointed to mental health resources, youth prevention programs and community programs focused on forging a life in recovery.

"How do we invest in our communities to really think about opportunities for kids as they're growing older?" Christensen asked. "Opportunities for those kids' parents now, right? Because we know that this is a generational issue."

The Mountain State has received an estimated $847 million from lawsuit payouts involving major pharmacy chains, drug manufacturers, drug distributors, and pharmaceutical consulting firms.

More than 615,000 dollars is going to nonprofit groups in Kentucky working to end opioid addiction. According to state data, more than 2,100 Kentuckians lost their lives to a drug overdose last year - the first decline in deaths since 2018. Eligible groups include those working to raise awareness about overdose prevention, reduce the stigma around substance use disorders, and improve access to harm reduction, treatment and recovery support.

Marianne Smith Edge, chair of board of directors with the Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky said grant awardees will also receive administrative help.

"The uniqueness is not just the dollars - it's really providing that support that a lot of times nonprofits, especially smaller ones, don't have. So, that'll help them guide and ensure that the dollars really get the return on investment for those specific communities," she said.

The grant program is a partnership between the Foundation for a Healthy Kentucky and the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services.

Overdose death rates have increased by 44% for Black Americans, and by 39% for the American Indian and Alaskan Native populations, according to the CDC. The program aims to address these disparities in the Commonwealth, Smith added.

"This particular fund is really geared toward really reaching those underserved and minority populations that perhaps haven't always been the top recipients of some of the other substance abuse prevention programs," she continued.

Opioid lawsuits against pharmaceutical companies resulted in a $460 million payout to Kentucky in 2021 to provide state and local governments with funding to support opioid treatment programs.

Construction workers are more likely to die by suicide or of a drug overdose than workers in almost any other field, and a St. Louis-based peer support system and hotline wants to change it.

According to the American Addiction Centers, those who work in construction have nearly twice the rate of substance use disorders as the national average.

Don Willey, pension chairman and Trustee for Laborers Local 110, helped initiate "LEAN-STL," which stands for Laborers Escaping Addiction Now-St. Louis. He said the program's peer support specialists have lived experience, which is effective in helping others in their recovery.

"There are people that gain recovery and want to give it away and help other people attain recovery and maintain sobriety," Willey explained. "That has been the best model in dealing with people struggling with mental health issues and addiction."

Willey pointed out the construction industry is both physically and mentally taxing, and he has seen many people become addicted after being prescribed opioids for pain. He explained construction jobs have some definite benefits, but there's also the uncertainty of not knowing when the next project will come around, which can be stressful.

Willey noted LEAN STL peer support specialists are also working to help break down stigmas associated with substance use disorders, addiction and mental health. He emphasized they offer resources, not diagnoses or treatment. And he added more can still be done, not only in the construction industry, but across the board.

"We need to create an environment of free thought and speech when it comes to this topic," Willey urged. "We need to make these epidemic issues in this country as easy as talking about blood pressure, weight loss, weight gain. As easy as dealing with diabetes. It should carry no more stigma than that."

Willey stressed staying silent on the issue can be deadly. The LEAN STL program is free of charge, for Laborers' union members and their families. It's funded through the Greater St. Louis Construction Laborers Fund.