MINNEAPOLIS - Each year, tens of thousands of Americans die and hundreds of thousands more fall seriously ill from antibiotic-resistant infections - and babies, children and seniors are at highest risk. That's why the Pew Campaign on Human Health and Industrial Farming has launched "Moms for Antibiotic Awareness," a grassroots movement of mothers aimed at protecting the effectiveness of antibiotics.

Everly Macario, co-founder of the MRSA Research Center at the University of Chicago, says antibiotic resistance is not an abstract issue, but a life-and-death one.

"Seven years ago on a Friday, I was holding my gorgeous and healthy 1 1/2-year-old son, Simon Sparrow, in my arms. Less than 24 hours later, I was wailing over Simon's dead body from a hospital bed. Simon was ravaged by a bug that no antibiotic could fight."

Moms involved in the campaign are calling on Congress to stop the overuse of antibiotics. Numerous government agencies and health organizations, including the Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization and the American Medical Association all have acknowledged definitive links between antibiotic overuse in food production and antibiotic-resistant infections in humans.

Simon's autopsy revealed that he was infected with the MRSA bacteria - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus - of which not even Macario, who had a Ph.D in public health, had heard of at the time. She has since dedicated her life's work to understanding MRSA and stopping its transmission, which she says is only the tip of the iceberg.

"We are in realistic danger of turning the clock back 100 years - a time when infections could not be treated because antibiotics have not yet been discovered. Think about that when you think about the last time your child got sick, or about the next time your child will get sick."

Tracy Singleton, a Minnesota mom and owner of the Birchwood Café in Minneapolis, says that while it's easy to feel powerless about the rise of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs," mothers already have a lot of power to affect change through their collective buying power, starting with only purchasing meat from sustainable producers.

"You can buy your food direct. You can ask questions. You can get involved with the school lunch program. Any time you go out to eat at a restaurant, ask them where their meat is from. Start asking these kinds of questions, and that will have an impact."

Beyond their power as consumers, Singleton believes moms also have the ability to effect policy change.

"The comfort of an army of moms is that you're not in this alone. The threat is too big for any mom to take this on herself, but if we all come together, then we have the power of all of our voices. Together we can make a difference."

Pew commissioned a survey of American moms - including Republicans, Democrats and Independents - which shows that nearly two-thirds favor more government regulation on industrial farms. The results of that survey are online at saveantibiotics.org.


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World Hepatitis Day is this Sunday, and for the Oregon Health Authority, it's an opportunity to promote its plan to eliminate hepatitis across the state.

Released in March, the plan includes major goals and strategies to limit the spread of hepatitis A, B and C over the next six years. It's gotten new attention after 2,400 patients in Oregon hospitals were potentially exposed to hepatitis and HIV earlier this month.

Concerns are high, but epidemiologist Dr. Dean Sidelinger, Oregon's state health officer, said people should be aware of the threats of hepatitis, but not anxious.

"In day-to-day times, people should feel safe and confident in going to the doctor," he said. "The risk of exposure to these viruses is extremely low in most cases."

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, and contagious viruses are among the causes. Sidelinger said he's confident Oregon has the technology and resources to fully eliminate the threat.

While many people may have heard of hepatitis, they may not fully understand how prevalent it is in their communities. According to OHA data, the proportion of chronic hepatitis C cases among people in their 20s tripled between 2010 and 2019.

Sidelinger said there's a good chance most Oregonians know someone who is affected by chronic hepatitis.

"It can seem out of the blue to be talking about hepatitis and [a] hepatitis awareness day, but this is a disease that affects many individuals," he said. "But the good news is, everyone can take steps to protect themselves."

The OHA says you can help prevent the spread of hepatitis by washing hands and fresh produce, staying current on vaccinations, avoiding sharing needles, and getting tested regularly. These tips and more are part of the state's plan to eliminate hepatitis by 2030.


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CoveredCA announced Wednesday that the average premium for plans on the marketplace will rise 7.9% in 2025, but subsidies are expected to blunt the impact and even lower costs for many consumers.

The Biden-Harris administration's Inflation Reduction Act caps premiums at 8.5% of income for many, and goes even further for those with low incomes.

Rachel Linn Gish, director of communications for the nonprofit Health Access California, said the state has put the federal funds to good use.

"Because of this financial help," she said, "California has been able to take even further steps to lower costs for many CoveredCA enrollees by eliminating deductibles and reducing copays for many health services such as doctors' visits, lab work, generic drugs."

However, the enhanced premium subsidies in the IRA will expire next year, sending costs soaring unless Congress extends them. If not, Gish said, she expects premiums to rise 60% to 80%, costing thousands more per year. Opponents of the extension have cited the need to limit federal spending.

Gish said if the federal premium help ends, people could start seeing much higher deductibles.

"Without the federal assistance, California stands to lose $1.7 billion in assistance, which the state can only backfill a fraction of," she said, "which means consumers could again see deductibles of $5,000 or more."

Other big changes are on the way. Starting Nov. 1, about 40,000 income-eligible DACA recipients in California will be able to apply for premium subsidies through Covered California.

Connecticut insurance companies are requesting rate increases. Companies want a more than 8% increase for individuals and an almost 12% increase for small groups. However, insurance costs are already problematic for residents. A 2022 survey shows 46% of people delayed important medical care due to coverage costs.

Liz Dupont-Diehl, associate director of the Connecticut Citizen Action Group, said unaffordable insurance is all too common.

"It is an unfortunate American right of passage to spend hours a week appealing claims denials, or dealing with rising copays, and surprise costs. Even those of us lucky enough to think we have good coverage are continually surprised by hings that are not covered," she said.

Of the legislative solutions lawmakers can take, polls show voters across party lines support the government setting limits on out-of-pocket medical care costs for people with insurance.

Connecticut's Insurance Department will host an informational meeting for people to share their experiences and hear testimony. It will be held from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. on August 20 at the Legislative Office Building in Hartford and over Zoom.

One way Connecticut's General Assembly can better regulate insurance companies is by increasing transparency surrounding pharmacy benefit managers. A recent Federal Trade Commission report finds the six largest pharmacy benefit managers manage 95% of the country's prescriptions.

Dupont-Diehl said this can help people better understand why certain claims get denied.

"We would be interested in knowing exactly which claims are denied based on ZIP code, based on race and ethnicity, based on age, based on gender," she continued.

She notes that much of what needs to be done to fix health care can be done at the federal level, although states can take the lead. Part of Connecticut's 2023 budget calls for the state's Insurance Department to work with the Office of Health Strategy to study ways to make care more affordable.