SPRINGFIELD, Ill. - American Sign Language (ASL) is the common form of communication among members of the deaf community, but signing does not provide every component or "phoneme" of spoken language. In Illinois, some hearing-impaired students are improving their literacy through the use of Cued Speech. A.G. Bell Montessori-AEHI in Wheeling is the only Montessori school in the country that mainstreams both deaf and hearing children through Cued Speech.
Sandy Mosetick, board president of the school, explains that Cued Speech has eight hand shapes and four positions around the mouth to represent all phonemes of speech.
"It makes lip-reading into an exact science," she said. "It provides full visual access to spoken language, and the whole point is so that a deaf person can learn English and be literate, and reach their full potential academically."
Cued Speech was developed more than 30 years ago, but has faced challenges being accepted in the deaf community. Mosetick says it was never meant to replace traditional signing, and adds that Cued Speech can be learned in a few days and has been adapted to more than 60 languages.
Outside the classroom, Mosetick says, Cued Speech also allows those who don't know ASL to easily convey English to those who cannot hear.
"Ninty-three percent of deaf kids have hearing parents, who never had any experience before with deafness and don't know how to sign, and it would take them a long time to learn sign and then to be able to communicate with their own child."
Angela Kuhn, PreK-8 principal at the Illinois School for the Deaf, says American Sign Language is valuable in school, but has limitations in a learning environment because students have to translate ASL into English. She says they've seen great academic results since introducing Cued Speech into the curriculum a few years ago.
"The national average for deaf students is that they improve about two to three months in an entire school year," she noted. "So, we've seen some students who have been able to improve a grade level or more in one school year, which is amazing."
Kuhn says the school works to balance the use of sign and cuing in a bilingual environment, to help students become more fluent in English and have academic success. At an event Sunday night, A.G. Bell honored the Illinois School for the Deaf for its achievements in Cued Speech.
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Indiana University now trains police academy recruits in Deaf culture awareness and basic American Sign Language.
The program aims to improve communication between future officers and the Deaf community across campuses statewide.
Brennan Cox, a law student and part-time officer for the Indiana University Police Department, helped launch the course after noticing a gap in police training on interacting with Deaf individuals.
"This training is beneficial for the Deaf community because it creates safer interactions with officers and members of the Deaf community, creates more engagement with the Deaf community," Cox explained. "Really, we just want the Deaf community to know that we want to learn and that officers have a desire to learn about the Deaf community."
The nearly three-hour course features Deaf faculty who teach recruits key signs like "police," "help," and "stop," while emphasizing patience and alternative communication methods.
Cox noted the training also benefits officers themselves.
"What made me want to bring this training to IU Police Academy is I took ASL when I was in my undergraduate at IU for two years," Cox recounted. "It made me really just become passionate about how law enforcement interacts with members of the Deaf community and how we can better serve them."
The program now includes recruits from Indiana University campuses in Bloomington, Indianapolis, and South Bend and plans to expand to other agencies.
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Rural Nevada is facing a housing and transportation crisis. Advocates for those with disabilities say things are getting out of hand.
Dee Dee Foremaster, director of the Rural Center for Independent Living, said there is not enough available low-income housing, and added the units that are available to folks on the Housing Choice Voucher program, formerly called Section Eight, is "substandard."
She added the average Nevadan on Social Security receives almost $1,000 a month. But the average Nevadan can expect to pay around $1,400 a month in rent.
"People are having to double up to be able to make their rent. And it makes it difficult because a lot of times some people with disabilities really would prefer to live by themselves," she said.
Foremaster added she is among those who feel like the calls they are making for housing reform are falling on deaf ears. And while local leaders are eyeing federal lands as part of the solution to address the housing shortage, Foremaster said she has solutions that are more immediate, including creating a program for landlords to receive tax incentives for allocating units to low-income Nevadans.
She stressed that even in rural Nevada, the housing supply isn't able to keep up with demand, and said easing restrictions on accessory dwelling units would help everyone.
"So that people have an array of plans to be able to draw from that are approved, so that they don't have to go through the building commission and hoops that we all have to jump through every time we want to build something on a property," she explained.
Margaret Marcucci, with the Elko support staff of the Rural Center for Independent Living, said a lack of transportation is another issue impacting people's daily lives.
"I won't tell you how many times I get calls from friends, going 'I'm stuck, can you come get me?' or 'Can you take me to an appointment?' said Marcucci. "A lot of our seniors and a lot of disabled do not go to the doctor because they can't get there."
Last year, a free ride-share program launched in rural Nevada to help remove barriers to access medical care. But Marcucci is calling for a more diversified and flexible fleet of services that can get folks to where they need to go.
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Maryland is facing a $3 billion budget deficit, and planned cuts in 2026 would include millions in disability assistance. But one advocate says those cuts would threaten lives.
More than 20,000 Marylanders with disabilities receive state support to help their families afford caregiver services. More than 3,500 families use self-directed services, which give families the ability to set up caregiving separately from traditional programs.
Those services in the proposed budget will face cuts, which advocates say would drive caregivers out of the system to better-paying opportunities.
Montgomery County resident Hamza Khan, a disability rights advocate, has two siblings with special needs. He said funding issues stem from the state overextending itself while getting federal COVID-19 assistance.
"As the pandemic wound down, the state also received one-time federal injections of cash into our budget," Khan said. "And it appears that the governor built those into long-term injections of cash - that he built those structurally into the budget, rather than counting for them to be one time."
Gov. Wes Moore's supplemental budget avoided steep cuts through the rest of 2025, but did not address more than $400 million in cuts for next year.
Khan pointed out these cuts to disability assistance come as the state has added 5,000 employees to its payroll. Khan said these proposed budget reductions would run counter to current laws that require more community input - and give Maryland families the right to choose their care.
"Given the fact that 18,000 people are going to suffer extraordinary pain, and some of them might very well die, he should prioritize funding that prior arrangement first," Khan added. "It's been guaranteed under Maryland law for many years, and it's been expected that costs would rise, but they haven't risen so extraordinarily that the budget can't cover for that."
State salaries, wages and benefits are projected to cost Marylanders $12.2 billion in 2025.
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