SPRINGFIELD, Ill. - Illinois could follow the lead of other states that have made a controversial practice aimed at "curing" homosexuality in adolescents illegal.

The Conversion Therapy Prohibition Act (HB 217; SB 111) would specifically ban any mental health provider from engaging in efforts to change the sexual orientation of a minor.

Dr. Dennis Shelby, co-chair of advocacy relations with the American Psychoanalytic Association, says conversation therapy, or reparative therapy, can stem from a parent's misguided response to a child questioning his or her sexual orientation or gender identity.

"We have parents' knee-jerk reaction, and there are people out there that will say, 'Sure we can change this,'" says Shelby. "There's very little evidence that is possible, and the other concern is this causes psychological harm to the child."

The American Psychoanalytic Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the Illinois Psychological Association are among the mental health organizations backing the legislation. Conversion therapy is already illegal in California, New Jersey and Washington, D.C.

Opponents, including the Illinois Family Institute, a Christian values organization, argue the legislation infringes on privacy rights. But Shelby says conversion therapy goes against almost every mental health organization's code of ethics - and it implies there is something wrong with identifying as gay.

"We're saying this is bad, this is wrong and it needs to be changed," he says. "That starts shading into this business of coercion, and we don't coerce our patients. We provide them an environment where they can explore their mind."

Shelby adds that research from San Francisco State University found that highly-rejected LGBT young people were six times more likely to report high levels of depression, and eight times more likely to have contemplated suicide than those not rejected because of their gay or transgender identity.


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Despite being aimed at children in kindergarten through third grade, Florida teachers say what's often referred to as the "Don't Say Gay" law has struck fear in teachers and students of all grades.

Billed as an effort to give parents more control over the types of instruction allowed in classrooms, the Parental Rights in Education Act prohibits classroom instruction about sexual orientation or gender identity up to the third grade. But since it went into effect in July, Erika Houvouras, a high school English teacher, said the law has done nothing but cause stress and confusion for all.

"I have had students come to me and say, 'Hey, we've been told that if we ask you to call us different pronouns, you have to tell our parents.' And you know, 'If you see us in the halls with someone of the same gender, you have to tell our parents'," she said. "And I tell them, 'That's never going to happen. You don't have to be concerned about that with me.'"

Houvouras said in group chats with teachers across the state, they're all concerned. Some tell her they're doing their best to make kids feel more comfortable, while others have gone as far as removing portions of literature they would usually cover, and limiting class discussions because they're concerned about "getting in trouble."

Houvouras said she hasn't seen a single message from district leaders on how to navigate classroom discussions - especially when kids are the ones driving the discussions and asking for explanations, including about the debate around the controversial issue.

"The more strident parts we were hearing have been dialed back a little bit in the actual verbiage of the bill, but there's still that concern there," she said. "There's an obvious effort to limit the acceptability of a community of people - which my students do not feel OK with, at all."

She said the law has sent shockwaves that extend far beyond limiting class discussions for younger kids. Most of her students are either 18 or close to it, she said, and if the topics of gender identity or sexual orientation come up in any literature and her students ask questions, she expects she will continue to answer.

New research out of the University of Minnesota reveals rural LGBTQ folks face unique, and often unmet, mental- and physical-health needs.

The Minnesota research, published last month, indicates social cohesion can play a major role in the health and well-being of LGBTQ people, and it documents how some organizations are trying to meet that need.

Marianna Tuttle, a research and communications fellow at the University of Minnesota's Rural Health Research Center, said community organizations can play a major role in supporting that sense of belonging.

"So the organizations we spoke with were doing a range of work," said Tuttle, "including support groups and relationship-building activities that may fall under the social and emotional support needs, to anti-bullying efforts and education for their entire community that could more broadly impact the environment folks live in."

One of the groups profiled in Tuttle's research is the Virginia Rural Health Association, which aims to improve health access and quality of care for the commonwealth's rural communities.

That association offers LGBTQ-specific programs through its Pride of Rural Virginia initiative, which has its next in-person program scheduled for August 6 at the Edinburg branch of the Shenandoah County Public Library.

Tuttle said prior research revealed rural LGBTQ folks saw a significant decrease in their social and emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic.

She said Pride events, and other community gatherings, can provide an important mental-health boost by increasing visibility and providing a sense of belonging.

"They're not the end-all, be-all, but they're a really important and positive start," said Tuttle. "Having the entire town or the entire region come together to celebrate LGBTQ+ folks' presence, their membership in the community, is a really good place to start."

Nearly half of all LGBTQ youths in rural areas say their community is unaccepting of LGBTQ people, according to a 2021 Trevor Project report. Similarly, those same kids reported higher rates of discrimination against LGBTQ folks.

As Pride Month comes to a close and Disability Pride Month begins, advocates are raising awareness about the intersection of being LGBTQ+ and having a disability.

For many LGBTQ+ Americans, marriage equality came in 2015 when the Supreme Court decided Obergefell v. Hodges. But for people with disabilities, marriage can impact eligibility for certain Social Security benefits.

Chris Fagan is a self-advocate and president of People First St. Joseph. He said that's an obstacle for people who rely on those benefits.

"I have a boyfriend that is not only my boyfriend, but he is my best friend too," said Fagan. "We have needs also, and we also should be able to marry each other if we want to."

Author Sean Gold, an advocate for the disability community who is nonverbal, echoes the need for fully inclusive marriage equality.

He noted, "We fight for so much change, but with every big issue, even with Roe v. Wade, until we connect with how these issues connect with the disability community, nothing will change."

A bill has been introduced in Congress to eliminate a requirement that adults with disabilities remain single to receive Social Security benefits from a parent's earnings record.

Jessie Eikmann, a grocery store worker and poet from St. Louis, said among people without disabilities, there's often a lot of sexual gatekeeping of those with disabilities and false assumptions.

"They just assume that people like me with disabilities," said Eikmann, "that they really can't decide whether they're queer first of all, which is just silly to me, or that they just don't have sex."

Studies estimate 3 to 5 million LGBTQ+ Americans have a disability, and can face unique challenges - from limited access to fully inclusive health care and community services, to added barriers to employment and disproportionate incarceration.

For instance, 40% of incarcerated women identify as LGBTQ+, and nearly half of women in jail reported a disability.