COLUMBUS, Ohio – The end of the line is nearing for Ohio's electronic voting machines, which a new report indicates could cause trouble during the 2016 election.
According to the Brennan Center for Justice at the NYU School of Law, 90 percent of Ohio counties are using machines that are 10 years old.
Report co-author Christopher Famighetti says that's much longer than the machines are designed to last.
"Most of us don't keep our laptops, desktops, over a decade, and that's the type of technology that most of the machines in use today are using," he explains.
Joshua Eck, press secretary for Secretary of State Jon Husted, agrees the equipment is old, but he says it's not failing.
"It's not in a dire strait yet, but it's something that needs to be on everybody's thoughts, and we need to begin preparing to upgrade the equipment in the next couple of years," he acknowledges.
Famighetti points out that after time, machine parts including memory cards and motherboards are prone to failure, which he says can result in long lines at the polls.
The report notes that as computers age their parts can become obsolete, making repairs nearly impossible. More than 40 states will use electronic voting machines in 2016 that are at least a decade old.
The report found that only five of the 25 Ohio counties that said they would need voting machines before 2020 would have the funding to purchase them.
Eck says it's too much for local governments.
"Voting equipment is not cheap, so it needs to be a partnership between all levels of government,” he stresses. “The federal government is certainly going to need to be involved. The state government needs to be involved because it's an expense that's too much for just our counties to handle on their own."
The estimated cost to replace aging machines nationally could top $1 billion, Famighetti says. But because it's too late to replace machines for 2016, he recommends boards of election implement precautionary plans.
"We note in the report that it will be important to take the preventive measures necessary to make sure that machines are working on Election Day like pre-election testing and good maintenance procedures," he explains.
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A bipartisan group of lawmakers in Congress is joining advocates for energy assistance across the country to warn a dangerous situation is brewing for low-income households.
Federal staffing cuts have stalled the distribution of key funding. The Trump administration's layoffs of 10,000 Health and Human Services workers include the entire office overseeing the Low Income Energy Assistance Program, which gives eligible households a break on their monthly bills to avoid utility shutoffs.
Mark Wolfe, executive director of the National Energy Assistance Directors Association, which works with states on the issue, said the layoffs have blocked the latest round of aid from getting to them.
"Many states have told us that they've either run out of money or they're very close to it," Wolfe reported. "They need these additional funds to help families pay off the remaining winter heating bills or get ready for summer cooling programs, or both."
Minnesota is among the states to report an imminent "zero balance" if action is not taken soon. It has been more than two weeks since the layoffs were announced and Wolfe noted there is no word on funding status. Congress had authorized $378 million to round out the current cycle.
Thirteen U.S. senators have signed a letter asking the administration to get LIHEAP staff back in place and the money moving again.
Wolfe stressed keeping energy bills current is about more than staying cool when the temperature spikes. He noted utility shutoffs can produce dire consequences for some households.
"The loss of access to refrigeration, for example, you can't keep your food safe, or some medications need to be refrigerated," Wolfe outlined.
There was added pressure this past winter on some state programs where there were much colder temperatures. Each year, LIHEAP helps more than 6 million low-income households and seniors on fixed incomes across the country cover their energy bills.
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According to state data, as Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, face cuts, Michigan's most vulnerable stand to lose the most.
In the Great Lakes state, more than 2 million people count on Medicaid, and more than 1 million of them are kids. When it comes to putting food on the table, more than 1 million Michiganders rely on SNAP benefits, including one in four children.
Amber Bellazaire, senior policy analyst with the Michigan League for Public Policy, emphasized the ripple effects of these proposed cuts could create widespread challenges, even for those not directly enrolled in Medicaid or SNAP.
"If a rural hospital closes because they're operating on razor-thin margins and have lost a significant amount of their funding, because of Medicaid cuts, that hospital closes not just for Medicaid enrollees but for all folks in that community," she explained.
Supporters of the cuts contend that these programs place a heavy burden on the federal budget, discourage work and self-reliance, and are susceptible to fraud and abuse.
MLPP reports that Medicaid is relied on across all Michigan counties and congressional districts, especially in rural and northern areas. The state also ranks high for SNAP participation among veterans, with 41,000 enrolled.
Bellazaire noted that the proposed cuts won't make health care more efficient or affordable - and if she had a seat at the table where budget decisions are made, she'd offer a more balanced perspective.
"I think that there is opportunity to discuss the balance between fiscal responsibility and protecting and improving upon the successes that we've seen come from the Medicaid program and Medicaid expansion," she continued.
Those in favor of the cuts maintain that private markets and local solutions are more effective than government run programs - and states should have more control over program management, rather than relying on the federal government.
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Maryland state lawmakers ended this year's session addressing a major budget shortfall and countless other issues in the state. But their work might not be over for the year.
Through a combination of tax hikes and spending cuts, lawmakers passed a balanced budget, despite a $3.3 billion budget deficit. Maryland taxpayers who make more than $500,000 a year will pay more in taxes, along with higher taxes on sports betting and marijuana sales.
Brenda Wintrode, state politics reporter with the Baltimore Banner, said lawmakers had to tackle multiple pressing issues for the state.
"The budget took the oxygen out of the session," she said. "It took up all the space. They had an energy crisis to resolve, which they did pass a sweeping energy package to try to make some room for more energy production in the state."
The legislature passed a major energy initiative meant to ramp up energy production through nuclear, natural gas, solar power and battery storage, along with a small rebate for electric bills. Lawmakers also made more than $2 billion in spending cuts.
Republicans in the state, however, objected to tax hikes to balance the budget. But despite the end of the regular session, Wintrode says there might be more work to do this year. All eyes are on Washington as President Donald Trump's cuts to the federal workforce and spending could impact the state.
"They have a balanced budget that is going to meet where we are as a state in this moment to get us through the end of the federal government's fiscal year. They are not ruling out having a special session, possibly coming back in October after the federal government looks at what it's going to be doing," she continued.
A report by Moody's Ratings finds Maryland faces the greatest risks of any state from federal spending cuts.
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