Advocates for people experiencing homelessness are pushing back against proposals by several Denver mayoral candidates who are including forced mental-health holds, more police interventions and zero tolerance for violating the city's camping ban.

Cathy Alderman, chief communications and public policy officer, Colorado Coalition for the Homeless, said no one wants to see tents on public sidewalks, but the problem is complex, and is driven in part by a severe deficit in affordable housing.

"And we can't arrest our way out of it. What we need to do is we need to scale up our housing programs, scale up our social-services programs, to the need that we have on the streets," Alderman said. "We have not done that as a city, we have not done that as a state, and we haven't done it as a country."

The coalition has released a new report demonstrating how criminalization, camping bans and the decades-old theory of "treatment first" simply do not work. People experiencing homelessness are already 11 times more likely to be arrested than people with housing, often for things that would be legal if they were housed such as sitting or lying down and sharing food.

Advocates say removing encampments through "sweeps" can actually disrupt progress people may be making towards a long-term housing solution by preventing them from getting medical treatment and missing housing-related appointments, for example.

Housing, alongside supportive services, is a proven solution to chronic homelessness, Alderman said.

"And frankly it's better for taxpayers because it costs half as much to house folks with supportive services than it does to leave them outside languishing in these emergency systems like jail, detox, emergency rooms," she added.

It costs more than $13,000 per person annually to provide supportive housing compared with between $21,000 and $40,000 spent by taxpayers for medical care, incarceration, detox treatment and shelter services. Alderman said the data and years of experience show that strategies aiming to "get tough" on people experiencing homelessness will not resolve the underlying problems that have created the crisis.

"They might work to eliminate visible homelessness, and they might work to get more people into jails and prisons. But those are not homelessness-resolution strategies," she said.

Rural New York organizations are working to tackle issues with rural housing. Rural counties throughout the state are suffering from aging housing stock and an ever dwindling supply.

In 2021, the New York State Comptroller found 10 rural counties had 5,500 fewer housing units than in 2016.

Megan Murphy, executive director of the rural housing organization Adirondack Roots, said places like Essex County are seeing the ripple effects of rural New York's housing problems.

"The county itself has dozens of jobs that are going unfilled because one of the hardest parts of this is that hiring in people from outside, they're not able to find housing," Murphy observed. "We're hearing this from health care institutions, we're hearing this from nonprofits, and from others."

She argued solutions require new rental units and affordable housing projects in rural areas. Murphy added while most rural counties are facing a housing shortage, the problems look different in each place. Essex County, for example, needs increased funding for Adirondack Roots' existing home rehabilitation, and New York State's mobile home replacement program.

New York State is investing in rural areas. Several new rental developments have been built across the state in 2023. But Murphy pointed out new projects are expensive and potential renters are already struggling to make ends meet with low wages.

"When you're talking about new builds, it's 'how do we figure out how to create a situation where we can either reduce the cost of building, or create a situation where there is a subsidy for folks so that they can get into new homes?'" Murphy explained.

She emphasized it also applies to maintaining existing homes. Murphy acknowledged there is no silver bullet to the issues surrounding rural housing, but contended it will take an interconnected, holistic approach to solve them.


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Advocates for the homeless in Ohio say effective and well-funded federal programs have helped cut the number of homeless veterans nearly in half over the past decade.

Federal agencies with a "housing first approach" have prioritized getting veterans into stable housing quickly without preconditions and provided greater assistance to landlords willing to help.

Marcus Roth, communications/development director for the Coalition on Homelessness and Housing in Ohio, said the same approach should apply to all homeless people.

"It's been really refreshing to see that we can make progress for homeless veterans," he said. "If we apply the same approach to other populations, we can help other folks, too."

There are still more than 600 homeless veterans in Ohio, according to federal data.

Advocates for these veterans have said high rental prices and increasing eviction rates statewide could add to that number. Rent prices skyrocketed a year into the pandemic, increasing nearly 25% in Ohio from 2021 to 2022 with Cleveland and Cincinnati alone showing some of the highest rent increases in the country.

Roth said the state's continued lack of affordable housing is driving people into homelessness.

"We hear about tenants that are getting bills with a rent increase of 40% to 50%," Roth said, "and a lot of people can't afford that, and then they look around to find another place to live and they can't find anywhere else that's affordable either."

Roth said the General Assembly's creation of a new affordable-housing tax credit could offer some relief. The Senate Select Committee on Housing has been holding a series of hearings to address the affordable-housing crisis.

This story was produced in association with Media in the Public Interest and funded in part by the George Gund Foundation.


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A Connecticut group is holding several roundtable discussions about ways to end homelessness.

The Connecticut Coalition to End Homelessness is speaking with elected officials to bridge the gap between understanding what it will take to reduce homelessness in the state and actually ending it. Between 2021 and 2022, a point-in-time report tracked a 13% increase in homelessness on a single January night. This year's report saw an almost 3% increase.

Sarah Fox, CEO of the Connecticut Coalition for Ending Homelessness, said the numbers are trending up for several reasons.

"They're becoming homeless due to poverty from returning back to the community after incarceration, from just generally not being able to thrive in the current environment," Fox observed. "We also know that you cannot uncouple homelessness from the affordable housing crisis."

Other reasons people are becoming homeless include the economic impacts of the pandemic, and rising rents. While Fox is eager to see progress, she is aware of the challenges ahead. In addition to competing fiscal priorities in the General Assembly, there is also the need to raise funds for homeless service systems. She said helping legislators understand the pressure the system is under to serve a growing population is a step in the right direction.

During the past session, the group brought legislation to the General Assembly to allocate funds to begin work necessary to end homelessness. The bill called for $50 million in funding to improve Connecticut's Homeless Response System.

Fox noted lawmakers approved far less.

"We received in total, $7 million, including $5 million for shelters, and $2 million that the Gov. had issued for flexible funding subsidies."

She added though it was not nearly enough, it is more money than other groups and causes got, many of whom received nothing.

As winter approaches, Fox is concerned about how to keep the growing elderly homeless population safe. A National Alliance to End Homelessness report predicted senior homelessness will grow from 40,000 to 106,000 by 2030.


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